问题 单项选择题

在存储体系中,虚拟存储器和Cache分别属于主存/外存层次和Cactle/主存层次,这两层次的共同点是()。

A.都是提高存储体系的速度

B.都需要硬件来实现

C.地址变换,失效时要替换

D.都对程序员透明

答案

参考答案:A

解析:

这两层次的目的都是提高存储体系的速度,但两者是有区别的:Cache完全由硬件来实现,对程序员是完全透明的,它通过地址映象来实现,不需要地址变换;而虚拟存储器是由软件和硬件来实现,对系统程序员并不透明,它是通过地址变换来实现的。

填空题
单项选择题

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.
In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual unite. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group, and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.
While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modern societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.
In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic; the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals; it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

The underlined word "cherished" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.

A.prized

B.based on

C.defined

D.set up