问题 综合题

“比较”是学习与研究历史的方法之一,国与国的比较可以帮助学习与研究者居高观察不同国家间的历史相似处或特殊处。试选择三个可比的角度,比较日、俄两国现代化的相似处。(8分)

答案

答案1:回答符合题目要求,选择的视角有可比性,比较的内容有共同性,表述。如“背景”:两国均受其他国家现代化影响;“方式”:两国现代化都是自上而下的改革方式,俄国于1861年进行农奴制改革、日本1868年进行明治维新。“道路(进程)”:两国在现代化道路上都历经曲折,俄国历经过资本主义、社会主义等,而日本遭遇挫折,有过法西斯统治和民主化道路。(其他视角只要符合题目要求均可,如时间、民主化程度等)

答案2:回答未能符合题目要求,只是谈到日、俄两国的进程或选取视角难以比较或比较内容模糊等。

答案3:其他。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     An American housewife was pushing her shopping basket through a supermarket with one hand.

With the other hand she was holding on to her small child.She arrived at the checkout counter, saying

to herself, "Now another 20 minutes." But her bill was ready in 20 seconds.

    Twenty seconds? Yes,a new machine is doing the job.It reads a stamp of black and white lines on

each can, box or bottle. These little lines give the computer all the information it needs: the kind of

products,the price and the tax. The girl at the counter simply moves the goods along the front of the "eye"

of the machine. And the bill is ready In no time.

    The machines now used in 20 supermarkets in the United States save a lot of time and money, And

they don't make as many mistakes as people do. Some shoppers,however,are complaining that they

cannot read the prices of the goods. All they can see are little black and white lines. The prices are on

theshelves but they want them on the goods.Many people are not sure whether the expensive new

machines are honest shopkcepers!

1. What did the housewife mean by saying"Now another 20 minutes"'?

A. She had waited 20 minutes in front of the counter.

B. She would spend 20 more minutes selecting goods.

C. The bill could be ready in more than 20 minutes.

D. Shc had to wait anottaer 20 minutes.

2. What does the word "stamp" mean in this story?

A. 邮票            

B. 标记    

C.商标    

D. 信誉卡

3.Choose the correct order in which the new maehine does its work.

A. The computer gets the information it needs from the lines.

B. The salesgirl moves the goods in front of the new machine.

C. The bill is ready.

D. The new machine reads the black and white  lines on eachcan, box or bottle.

A. a,b,c,d            

B. b,c,a,d

C. d,b,a,c            

D. b,d,a,c

4. The passagc might be written ______.

A. years ago        

B. recently

C. last year        

D. months ago

5. Which of the following is NOT true according to this passage?

A. The new machine makes fewer mistakes.

B. None of the customers like the new machine.

C. With the help of the new machine the shoppers don't have to wait so long for their bills.

D. Many people are afraid that they will possibly be cheated by the new machine.

多项选择题