问题 单项选择题

A 30-year-old client with 7 months pregnancy reports severe leg cramps at night. Which nursing action would be most effective in helping her cope with these cramps

A.Suggesting that she walk for 1 hour twice per day.

B.Advising her to take over-the-counter calcium supplements twice per day.

C.Teaching her to dorsiflex her foot during the cramp.

D.Instructing her to increase milk and cheese intake to 8 to 10 servings per day.

答案

参考答案:C

解析:Common during late pregnancy, leg cramps cause shortening of the gastrocnemius muscle in the calf. Dorsiflexing or standing on the affected leg extends that muscle and relieves the cramp. Although moderate exercise promotes circulation, walking 2 hours per day during the third trimester is excessive. Excessive calcium intake may cause hypercalcemia, promoting leg cramps; the physician must evaluate the client's need for calcium supplements. If the client eats a balanced diet, calcium supplements or additional servings of high-calcium foods may be unnecessary.

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文言文,完成小题。

管仲,夷吾者,颍上人也。少时常与鲍叔牙游,鲍叔知其贤。管仲贫困,常欺鲍叔,鲍叔终善遇之,不以为言。已而鲍叔事齐公子小白,管仲事公子纠。及小白立为桓公,公子纠死,管仲囚焉。鲍叔遂进管仲。

管仲既用,任政于齐,齐桓公以霸,九合诸侯,一匡天下,管仲之谋也。

管仲曰:“吾始困时,尝与鲍叔贾,分财利多自与,鲍叔不以我为贪,知我贫也。吾尝为鲍叔谋事而更穷困,鲍叔不以我为愚,知时有利不利也。吾尝三仕三见逐于君,鲍叔不以我为不肖,知我不遭时也。吾尝三战三走,鲍叔不以我为怯,知我有老母也。公子纠败,召忽死之,吾幽囚受辱,鲍叔不以我为无耻,知我不羞小节而耻功名不显于天下也。生我者父母,知我者鲍子也。”

鲍叔既进管仲,以身下之。子孙世禄于齐,有封邑者十余世,常为名大夫。天下不多管仲之贤而多鲍叔能知人也。

管仲既任政相齐,以区区之齐在海滨,通货积财,富国强兵,与俗同好恶。故其称曰:“仓廪实而知礼节,衣食足而知荣辱,上服度则六亲固。四维不张,国乃灭亡。下令如流水之原,令顺民心。”故论卑而易行。俗之所欲,因而与之;俗之所否,因而去之。

其为政也,善因祸而为福,转败而为功。贵轻重,慎权衡。桓公实怒少姬,南袭蔡,管仲因而伐楚,责包茅不入贡于周室。桓公实北征山戎,而管仲因而令燕修召公之政。于柯之会,桓公欲背曹沫之约,管仲因而信之,诸侯由是归齐。故曰:“知与之为取,政之宝也。”

太史公曰:管仲世所谓贤臣,然孔子小之。岂以为周道衰微,桓公既贤,而不勉之至王,乃称霸哉?语日“将顺其美,匡救其恶,故上下能相亲也”。岂管仲之谓乎?

(节选自《史记•管晏列传》)

小题1:对下列句子中划线的词的解释,不正确的一项是(2分)            (    )

A.鲍叔遂管仲进:保举,推荐

B.尝与鲍叔贾:做买卖

C.鲍叔不贪以……为:认为

D.管仲因而之信:相信小题2:下列句子中,全都表现鲍叔牙“能知人”的一项是(2分)            (    )

① 管仲贫困,常欺鲍叔,鲍叔终善遇之  ② 任政于齐,齐桓公以霸

③ 鲍叔不以我为不肖,知我不遭时也     ④ 生我者父母,知我者鲍子也

⑤ 鲍叔既进管仲,以身下之                 ⑥ 知与之为取,政之宝也

A.①③⑤

B.③④⑤

C.②④⑥

D.①②⑥小题3:下列对原文有关内容的叙述和分析,不正确的一项是(2分)       (    )

A.鲍叔牙善于识别人才,以至于在管仲被重用之后,天下人并不怎么看重管仲,而是赞美鲍叔牙能知人。

B.管仲执政善于顺应民情,懂得给予正是为了取得的道理,而且深知这是治理国家的法宝。

C.在柯地会盟中,桓公背弃了曹沫逼他订立的盟约。而管仲劝他信守盟约,说明管仲能慎重地权衡事情的利弊得失。

D.司马迁认为管仲能够顺势助成君子的美德,纠正挽救他的过错,值得赞颂。这一点与孔子见解不同。小题4:把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(9分)

(1)鲍叔终善遇之。(2分)

译文:

(2)天下不多管仲之贤而多鲍叔能知人也。(3分)

译文: 

(3)俗之所欲,因而与之;俗之所否,因而去之。(4分)

译文:

单项选择题