问题 改错题

(10分)儒家思想是中国传统文化主流思想。它是中国人民和中 * * 宝贵的精神财富,极大地影响了东亚和东南亚思想文化的发展,是世界文明史极为重要的组成部分。

请你回答下列问题:

(1)儒家思想的创始人是谁?其思想的核心内容是什么?(4分)

(2)儒家思想和儒生在秦始皇时期遭到了怎样的厄运?(2分)

(3)为适应汉武帝加强中央集权的需要,汉代董仲舒对儒家思想进行了发挥和改造,提出了什么主张? (2分)从此以后儒家学说在中国取得了怎样的地位?(2分)

答案

(1)孔子;“仁”和“礼”;(4分)

(2)焚书坑儒;(2分)

(3)罢黜百家,独尊儒术;儒家学说成为专制王朝的正统思想。(4分)

题目分析:第(1)问,主要考查学生对儒家思想的准确认识,回顾已学知识可知孔子春秋末期的思想家、教育家和政治家,儒家思想的创始人,是儒家学派的代表人物之一,其核心是“礼”与“仁”,在治国的方略上,他主张“为政以德”,用道德和礼教来治理国家是最高尚的治国之道。

第(2)问,主要考查儒学在秦朝的发展,回顾已学知识可知秦朝统一后,秦始皇为了巩固中央集权,加强思想控制,禁止“儒生”(读书人)以古非今,想学法令的人要以官吏为师。这种措施引起许多读书人的不满。后来“诸生”言语攻击秦始皇。秦始皇派人调查,将四百六十多人挖大坑活埋。历史上称这些事情为“焚书坑儒”。

第(3)问,主要考查儒学在汉朝的发展相关史实,回顾已学知识可知汉武帝时期,董仲舒提出罢黜百家,独尊儒术,即废除其他思想,只尊重儒家的学说。以后,凡是做官的人都要懂得儒家的学说,用儒家的思想来解释法律。独尊儒术之后,中国古代的封建正统思想就开始确立了。

单项选择题
阅读理解

Long ago in a small town, there was a place known as the House of 1,000 Mirrors. A small, happy little dog learned of this place and decided to visit.

When he arrived, he bounced (跳) happily up the stairs to the doorway of the house. He looked through the doorway with his ears lifted high and his tail wagging as fast as it could. To his great surprise, he found himself staring at 1,000 other happy little dogs with their tails wagging just as his. He smiled a great smile, and was answered with 1,000 great smiles just as warm and friendly. As he left the house, he thought to himself, “This is a wonderful place. I will come back and visit often.”

In this same village, another little dog, who was not quite as happy as the first one, decided to visit the house. He slowly climbed the stairs and hung his head low as he looked into the door. When he saw the 1,000 unfriendly looking dogs staring back at him, he growled at them and was horrified to see 1,000 little dogs growling back at him. As he left, he thought to himself, “This is a horrible place, and I will never go back there again.”

All the faces in the world are mirrors. What kind of reflections do you see on the faces of the people you meet? 

小题1:Why was the first dog surprised when he entered the house?

A.Because he didn’t expect to see so many happy dogs.

B.Because he didn’t know there were 1,000 mirrors in the house.

C.Because he was always in a mixed mood.

D.Because he saw so many dogs smiling at him.小题2:Why did the first dog like the house?

A.Because there were 1,000 mirrors in the house.

B.Because he thought he could keep himself warm in the house.

C.Because he liked everything presented to him.

D.Because he felt he was welcome here.小题3:The underlined word “growl” probably means ______.

A.make an unfriendly noise

B.smile

C.say hello

D.stare小题4:Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage?

A.A Small happy Little Dog

B.The House of 1,000 Mirrors

C.The Wonderful Place and the Horrible Place.

D.Two Little Dogs