问题 问答题

Green space facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment. Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea. (46)At present it is generally accepted , although more as a self-evident statement than on the basis of a closely-reasoned scientific proof. The recognition of the importance of green space in the urban environment is a first step on tile right way. (47)This does not mean, however, that sufficient details are known about the functions of green space in towns and about the way in which the inhabitants are using these spaces. As to this rather Complex subject I shall, within the scope of this lecture, enter into one aspect only, namely the recreative function of green space facilities.

(48) The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town-and-country planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighborhood of the home. (49)We have come to the conclusion that this is not right, because an important part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for activities and around home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street door of the house.

(50)The urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more obligatory activities can also have a recreative aspect. The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in tile district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets, because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at home after the street-door of your house is closed after you.

(48) The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town-and-country planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighborhood of the home

答案

参考答案:

[参考译文] 许多年来,日常生活、工作、交通以及娱乐这一理论上的划分被用在城市和国家的规划中,在我看来,这种划分导致了过分注重离家远的地方的娱乐方式,而较少地注意改进在离家近的地方可能进行的娱乐。

解析:

句子框架是The theoretical separation…has…resulted in…whereas there was…attention…。whereas连接两个并列句。前一个并列分句中又嵌套一个which引导的定语从句;far from home为形容词短语作后置定语修饰forms of recreation,相当于forms of recreation that are far from home;后一个并列分句为there be句型。disproportionate译为“不相称的,不适度的”;recreative possibilities译成“可能进行的娱乐”。

判断题
单项选择题

读了《对语言污染不能太宽容——从“ku”说起》 (本文认为“酷”给人的第一印象是“冷酷、冷峻”,与“顶呱呱”、“棒”、“帅气”不沾边.语言学界对不合规范的用语要坚决“亮黄牌”)有些不同意见,一吐为快.当前是“酷”字在口语中的流行,我以为不是偶然的,虽然它和外来语“cool”的音译(省去了“1")有关,但却是符合我国语文文字发展规律的,它与开士米(cashmere)、猫步(catwalk)、秀(show)等属同一类语言现象,它比这一类词语更具汉语特色. “酷”字原来就一字多义.《现代汉语词典》和《辞海》都指出,它除了“残酷”等含义外,还有“极、甚"的含义.这后一含义并非自今曰始.现今流行的口语“酷”不过是重新发掘了它的“非常”、“顶级”“绝顶”的含义,并不是无源之水. 根据安子介先生的研究,“汉字由‘象形字’开端,终于大部分演变成会意字,内涵外衍,意气磅礴,十分逻辑化”.对“酷”字追本溯源,也许能找到它一字多义的演变规律性.东汉许慎的《说文解字》说,“酷,酒,厚味也,从本酉,告声.…‘酷’的部首‘酉’,八月黍成可为酿酒,象古文本之表,凡酉(酒)之属,皆从酒".“酉"字篆书写作象形盛酒之容器,内含八字,其意略为八月收获粮食可酿成美酒.看来“酷’’最初大约是用来形容醇酒的香气和味道的,以后衍生出“极、甚”的含义也是顺理成章的.现今流行的口语“酷”虽受外来语的影响,也还是上述含义的延伸罢了. “酷"字的另一义大约是声旁“告”的衍生物.“牛触人,角著横木,所以告人也,从口,从牛".《说文解字》牛撞伤了人,发生了纠纷,去“告”牛的主人,由此进一步衍生出残酷、冷酷等含义,也是合乎逻辑的.这大约就是安子介先生所说的“内涵外衍”现象吧.当前“酷”字口语的流行并不会改变这种一字多义的状态,笔者以为不必作忧天之虑.对于此类语言现象,即通过外来语的影响,融合汉语字词的某些特点,使字词产生出某种新意,我们应采取什么态度呢还是周洪波先生说得好,“我们应象对待新事物一样,对新词语抱着积极欢迎的态度,多些理解和宽容,少些大惊小怪”.“新词语用多了并不可怕,如果语言僵化,词汇贫乏,那才是真正可怕和可悲的呢.”

本文反驳运用的主要“武器”是_______.

A.“酷”的流行是符合语言发展要求的

B.“酷”的流行体现了语言生动活泼的特点

C.“酷”的流行说明了中外语言交流的好处

D.“酷”的新义是从原有意义引申而来,有其规范性