问题 选择题

史学家黄仁宇认为:“隋唐宋组成的第二帝国带开放性,相对之下,明清组成的第三帝国则带收敛性。”这里的“收敛性”具体表现在 ①八股取士,大兴文字狱,实行文化专制 ②废除丞相,以内阁掌握全国军政要务 ③军机大臣跪受笔录,军国大事全凭皇帝裁决 ④百姓不得擅自出海贸易,外贸只能官方进行

A.①②③

B.①③④

C.②③④

D.①②③④

答案

答案:B

题目分析:根据题意,“收敛性”是明清时期的特点,各选项中第①项是明朝加强文化和思想控制的措施; 第②项是明初的措施,但是“内阁掌握全国军政要务”不符合史实;第③项是清雍正帝时的措施;第④项是明清的海禁政策,据此本题 符合明清时期的选B项。

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On June 17, 1774, the officials from Maryland and Virginia held a talk with the Indians of the Six Nations. The Indians were invited to send boys to William and Mary College. In a letter the next day they refused the offer as follows:

We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you. We are sure that you mean to do us good by your proposal(提议); and we thank you heartily. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended(冒犯) if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours. We have had some experience of it. Several of our young people were formerly brought up at the colleges of the northern provinces: they were taught all your sciences; but when they came back to us, they were bad manners, ignorant(无知的)of every means of living in the woods–they were totally good for nothing.

 We are, however, not the less thankful by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them in all we know, and make men of them.

小题1:The tone(语气) of the letter as a whole is best described as________.

A.angry

B.pleasant

C.polite

D.ambitious小题2:The Indian chief’s purpose of writing the letter seems to be to ____.

A.politely refuse a friendly offer

B.express their opinions on equal treatment

C.show their pride

D.describe Indian customs小题3:According to the letter, the Indians believed that ____.

A.it would be better for their boys to receive some schooling

B.they were being insulted by the offer

C.they knew more about science than the officials

D.they had better way of educating young men小题4:Different from the officials’ view of education, the Indians thought ____.

A.young women should also be educated

B.they had different goals of education

C.they taught different branches of science

D.they should teach the sons of the officials first