问题 问答题

2010年6月15日,北京某大型橡胶制品厂(以下简称“橡胶厂”)的采购代理人张某代表公司与华夏贸易有限公司(以下简称“贸易公司”)签订了购买贸易公司所进口的一批化工产品的合同。按照合同约定,贸易公司向橡胶厂交付500吨化工产品,每吨售价5100元,合同签订后1个月内由贸易公司负责将货物运至橡胶厂所在地,交货后1个月内以电汇方式付款。合同签订后,贸易公司的业务负责人通过查阅张某的代理授权委托书得知,橡胶厂给予其签订合同金额的权限为200万元,超过该金额必须经过本厂的确认。为此,合同签订当天,贸易公司即向橡胶厂发出确认合同通知,橡胶厂6月16日予以答复,同意履行合同。
由于订货量较大,6月17日,在贸易公司的要求下,橡胶厂以自己的一台生产设备提供抵押担保,另外又请A企业为其提供连带责任保证,经查,债权人、保证人和债务人并未就实现债权的方式以及担保的金额作出约定。
贸易公司为了保证及时运回货物,又与运输公司签订了运输合同,按照合同约定,总运费为40万元,6月20日,贸易公司向运输公司开出面值10万元的银行汇票作为定金。剩余运费待货物运到后付款。
该批化工原料有一定的腐蚀性,运输前,贸易公司未将防范措施书面提交给承运人,也未按照国家有关规定进行包装,运输公司起货时发现这一情况,随即按照国家有关危险物品运输的规定重新进行了包装后再运输,为此,运输公司要求贸易公司支付这一费用,贸易公司认为这是多此一举,而且重新包装未经过其同意,拒绝支付相关的费用。7月1日,橡胶厂接到该批化工原料,验收合格后入库。8月1日,橡胶厂财务状况恶化,无法清偿到期对贸易公司的债务,随将橡胶厂所抵押的生产设备拍卖,拍卖价款为150万元,值是贸易公司因各种原因放弃了对该150万元价款的清偿,要求保证人A承担全部债务。
要求:根据上面所述事实并结合相关法律制度的规定,回答以下问题:
(1)张某超出橡胶厂的授权范围与贸易公司签订的合同是否有效说明理由。
(2)贸易公司向运输公司支付的定金数额是否符合规定说明理由。
(3)运输公司要求贸易公司承担重新包装的费用是否符合规定说明理由。
(4)抵押的设备拍卖后,保证人A所确定的保证责任为多少说明理由。
(5)贸易公司要求保证人A承担全部债务是否符合规定说明理由。

答案

参考答案:(1)张某超出橡胶厂的授权范围与贸易公司签订的合同有效。根据规定,行为人没有代理权、超越代理权或者代理权终止后以被代理人名义订立的合同,相对人可以催告被代理人在1个月内予以追认。本题中,张某与贸易公司签订的合同虽然超过了授权范围,但是经过了被代理人橡胶厂的追认,因此合同是有效的。
(2)贸易公司向运输公司支付的定金数额不符合规定。根据规定,当事人约定的定金数额不得超过主合同标的额的20%。本题中,主合同标的额为40万元,而支付的定金为10万元,超出了20%,超出的部分无效。
(3)运输公司要求贸易公司承担重新包装的费用是符合规定的。根据规定,托运人托运易燃、易爆、有毒、有腐蚀性、有放射性等危险物品的,应当按照国家有关危险物品运输的规定对危险物品妥善包装,作出危险物标志和标签,并将有关危险物品的名称、性质和防范措施的书面材料提交承运人。托运人违反前款规定的,承运人可以拒绝运输,也可以采取相应措施以避免损失的发生,因此产生的费用由托运人承担。
(4)抵押的设备拍卖后,保证人A所确定的保证责任为0.51×500-150=105(万元)。当债权人与保证人、债务人就担保清偿没有约定或者约定不明的,如果保证与债务人提供的物的担保并存,则债权人先就债务人的物的担保求偿。保证在物的担保不足清偿时承担补充清偿责任。本题中,设备拍卖价款为150万元,保证人A应该就剩余的部分承担责任。
(5)贸易公司要求保证人A承担全部债务不符合规定。根据规定,债务人以自己的财产设定抵押,抵押权人放弃该抵押权、抵押权顺位或者变更抵押权的,其他担保人在抵押权人丧失优先受偿权益的范围内免除担保责任。本题中,贸易公司虽然放弃了抵押担保,但保证人仍然就抵押财产拍卖后未清偿的部分承担保证责任。

阅读理解

根据短文内容完成句子。

  Bill was fourteen years old. He thought he was a young man,but his parents

thought he was still a boy. They said, "When you begin to think about helping

others,you will be a young man. "

  One morning, his parents gave Bill some money to buy milk at the store. He

saw an old man there. The man looked very sick. Bill went to him and asked, "

Are you all right?"

  The old man answered,"Yes,but I need something to eat. "

  "Then let's go to the restaurant," said Bill.

  When the waiter asked what they wanted,the old man said,"Just a glass of

water. "

  "Do you want anything to eat?" asked the waiter.

  The old man didn't answer, and Bill asked him, "Have you had your

breakfast?"

  "No, I haven't had any food and I don't have any money because I lost it,"

answered the old man.

  The boy said to the waiter, " My friend wants to have bread and coffee." "I'm giving

you too much trouble," said the old man.

  The old man ate quickly what the waiter had brought him. "I'm fine now," he

said. "I'll never forget your kindness ! You are a very good young man. "

  Bill was pleased because the old man thought he was a young man.

  The waiter came, and to their surprise, he said that the food was a present

and it was cheap because it was the birthday of his boss,and they were the first

customers of the day.

1. Bill was fourteen years old, but he thought that he _____.

2. If a boy _____, he will be a young man

3. The old man did not look well because he _____.

4. Bill asked the old man to come to the restaurant in order to show that _____.

5. Bill paid a little for their meal because it was _____and they were _____.

选择题