问题 单项选择题

小张在夜市卖烤羊肉串,被市综合执法局执法队员小李和小王发现,认为其系无照经营、不符合卫生管理和市容管理规定,鉴于小张流动经营,不当场处罚以后难以找到他,遂口头作出罚款100元的规定,小张辩解说把营业执照忘在家里,小李和小王认为小张属于强词夺理,根本不愿听其陈述和申辩。对于该行政处罚决定,下列说法正确的是哪个( )

A.该行政处罚决定无效,小张可以拒绝

B.该行政处罚决定违法,小张可以拒绝

C.该行政处罚决定违法,小张可以在缴纳罚款后,申请行政复议

D.该行政处罚决定不成立,小张可以缴纳罚款后直接提起诉讼

答案

参考答案:D

解析:[考点] 具体行政行为不成立的情形 具体行政行为不成立是指其不具备法定的外在表现形式。不成立的具体行政行为,当然不具有法律效力,但是当事人仍然可以对此申请行政复议或提起行政诉讼。《行政处罚法》第41条规定,行政机关及执法人员在作出行政处罚决定之前,不依照第31、32条的规定向当事人告知给予行政处罚的事实、理由和依据或者拒绝听取当事人的陈述、申辩,行政处罚决定不成立。当事人放弃陈述或者申辩权利的除外。 本题中行政行为由于缺乏形式要件,依法不能成立,因此D项正确。具体行政行为违法,是已经依法成立的具体行政行为存在违法因素。具体行政行为无效是已经依法成立的具体行政行为存在明显重大违法的情形而依法归为无效。因此ABC项不对。

单项选择题

What’s your earliest childhood memory Can you remember learning to walk Or talk The first time you heard thunder or watched a television program Adults seldom (1) events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, (2) children younger than three or four (3) retain any specific, personal experiences.

A variety of explanations have been (4) by psychologists for this "childhood amnesia". One argues that the hippo-campus; the region of the brain which is (5) for forming memories, does not mature until about the age of two. But the most popular theory (6) that, since adults don’t think like children, they cannot (7) childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories or (8) one event follows (9) as in a novel or film. But when they search through their mental (10) for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don’t find any that fit the (11) . It’s like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary.

Now psychologist Annette Simms of the New York State University offers a new (12) for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply aren’t any early childhood memories to (13) . According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use someone else’s spoken description of their personal (14) in order to turn their own short-term, quickly forgotten (15) of them into long-term memories. In other (16) , children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about (17) --Mother talking about the afternoon (18) looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Oceanz Park. Without this (19) reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form (20) memories of their personal experiences.

Notes: childhood amnesia 儿童失忆症。

(19)()

A.habitual

B.verbal

C.unique

D.particular

单项选择题