问题 问答题

2013年中央一号文件明确提出,要鼓励社会资本投向新农村建设,鼓励企业和社会组织采取投资筹资、捐款捐助、人才和技术支持等方式在农村兴办医疗卫生、教育培训、社会福利、文化旅游、体育等多项事业,推动龙头企业与农户建立紧密型利益机制。采取保底收购、股份分红、利润返还等方式,让农户更多地分享加工销售利益,鼓励和引导城市工商资本到农村发展适合企业化经营的种养业。事实上,有些企业早在几年前就开始了资本下乡的实验。例如,中粮集团于2009年在山东广饶尝试开发订单农业,该集团免费向当地农户提供中粮6号小麦良种,组织技术人员指导农民施肥打药,并以高于市场的价格进行收购。由于小麦品种好,卖价高,销售渠道稳定,种的人越来越多,有力地促进了农民的增收。但是也有一些社会资本下乡,其目的不是开发农产品,帮助农民致富,而是借土地流程进行圈地占地,图谋非农项目,甚至是希望通过土地增值牟取暴利,因此,社会资本下乡需要在不损害农民承包经营权、宅基地使用权、集体收益分配权的前提下稳步推进,必须防止以投资为名圈占土地,侵占农民的长远利益的行为发生。

作为一名大学生村官,请你就如何抢抓社会资本下乡机遇提出工作思路。

答案

参考答案:作为一名大学生村官,我将从以下几个方面来引导社会资本下乡: 一是大力发展新型农业投资主体,允许发展农村家庭农场、农业合作社、农业公司等,通过财政贴息或支持贷款担保等财税政策鼓励、引导社会资本进入“三农”领域提供服务,提高农业经营规模和农业生产效率。 二是尽快设立农村基础设施及公用事业投资基金,在保障和改善民生中着力强化农村基础设施和公共服务,引导社会资金大幅度增加农田水利建设、中小河流治理和小型水库除险加固,道路、供水、供电、污水处理、垃圾处理,教育、医疗、社会保障等方面的投入,为推进农业现代化奠定物质基础。 三是创新农村金融体制,放宽农村金融准入政策,重点发展地区性中小银行和各类小型、微型的农村金融机构,包括民间资本可以独资或控股形式发起或参与设立贷款公司、村镇银行、农村资金互助社等,彻底改善农村金融发展滞后、农民贷款难的问题,也使社会资本进入“三农”领域真正取得实质性突破。 四是逐步放开农村自治组织和专业组织的建立,在发展农民专业合作社、完善社会化服务体系上做文章,在农产品加工、销售、技术等领域搞好对农民的服务,通过合作社来统一购销,统一加工,统一提供服务,统一技术标准。

阅读理解

Depression(抑郁症)is a serious problem today.Depression causes workers to be unproductive,causing companies and countries to lose billion of dollars.One expert says that depression is like cancer because it is “widespread, costly and deadly”.Depression hits one person in five around the world.

Although people have believed depression to be a problem among the rich and educated,studies show that depression is a problem among everyone.Over any six-month period, between five to seven percent of the world’s population will be suffering from a serious depression.

Suicide(自杀)rates among people suffering from the disease in its extreme, or clinical form were 80 percent higher than in the population at large, and sufferers were four times more likely to have heart attacks.People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping,getting up on time,and doing work productively.

Depression, which researchers agree has its origin in the genes(基因),brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate, making it possible for employees and managers to work efficiently.

Depression is made more serious in China by Chinese’s inability to face it.Many people believe that depressed people are either weak or lazy.Besides,there is no good treatment,with few specialists available.

“Most patients in China just don’t get help,” a Chinese doctor says.“In my hospital,I have

to see 30 or 40 patients in a morning,and just have time to say ‘Hello,how do you feel ?…’”

In Western countries,people are not afraid to admit that they have depression,but most do not tell it to their boss,because they fear that their boss would fire them.

“In my experience,aging bosses are the most willing to admit they have it, because they feel

the most secure about themselves, ” an American doctor says.

Hopefully,in the near future,people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment.

小题1:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.It is widely believed that everyone may suffer from depression.

B.Depression brings great problems to its sufferers in their life and work.

C.Depression is a commonly-existing problem only in rich countries.

D.The poorer and the less educated a person is,the less he will suffer from depression.小题2:Compared to normal people,depressed people are likely to be________.   

A.very unconfident and often absent-minded

B.easy to avoid being hit by heart attacks

C.working efficiently and productively

D.either weak or lazy小题3:Depression becomes more serious in China because of_________.

A.the understanding of the problem

B.the lack of treatment and doctors

C.their unwillingness to tell it to their boss

D.the doctors’ careless work小题4:What can we infer from the passage?

A.People are suffering from depression because of the shortage of specialists.

B.The aging bosses around the world dare to say they are depressed.

C.More and mote patients will turn to specialists for help

D.Western people are braver than Chinese people

填空题