问题 单项选择题

中国科协10日发布的第二次全国科技工作者状况调查结果显示,我国科技人力资源总量已达5160万人,科技队伍年轻化、高学历化趋势明显。
中国科协于2008年下半年组织开展了五年一次的“全国科技工作者状况调查”。这次调查共发放问卷32100份,回收有效问卷30078份,覆盖了分布在科研院所、高等院校、企业、农村、医疗卫生机构的各类科技工作者群体。
调查显示,五年来,我国科技人力资源数量从2002年的2959万人增长到2007年的5160万人,增长74%。其中科技活动人员增长41%,科学家和工程师增长44%。同时,高学历化趋势明显,硕士、博士学位获得者占25%,远高于2003年的11.4%。
科技队伍年轻化趋势明显。截至2007年底,40岁以下科技人力资源达3700万人左右,占科技人力资源总量的三分之二以上。调查显示,科技工作者平均年龄37.9岁,35岁以下科技工作者占37.9%。
我国女性科技工作者总量和比例持续增加。据测算,截至2005年底,我国女性科技人力资源总量为1437万人,占科技人力资源总量的33%。本次调查也显示,女性科技工作者占调查样本的40.4%,35岁以下组中的女性比例明显高于35岁及以上组。
调查同时表明,我国科技工作者队伍总体稳定,但潜在职业忠诚危机不容忽视。48.7%的科技工作者对自己的工作表示满意,不满意者不到一成。83%的科技工作者从没有考虑过更换职业。但有机会选择的话,仍想从事目前职业的科技工作者只占30.3%。想更换职业和工作的原因主要包括收入待遇太差、没有发展前途和工作压力大。

女性科技工作者:

A.总数在减少,比例在增加

B.总数在增加,比例在减少

C.总数在减少,比例在减少

D.总数在增加,比例在增加

答案

参考答案:D

解析:根据“我国女性科技工作者总量和比例持续增加”,选择D。

单项选择题
填空题


Motivation is "the driving force within individuals that impels them to action." And goals are the sought-after results (1) motivated behavior.
Motivation can be either positive or negative (2) direction. We may feel a driving force toward some object or condition, (3) a driving force away from some object or condition. For example, a person may be impelled toward a restaurant to fulfill a need, hunger, and away (4) an airplane to fulfill a need of safety. Some psychologists refer to positive drives (5) needs, wants or desires, (6) negative drives as fears or aversions (7) , though negative and positive motivational forces seem to differ dramatically (8) terms of physical and sometimes emotional activity, they are basically similar in (9) they both serve to initiate and sustain human behavior. (10) this reason, researchers often refer (11) both kinds of drives or motives as needs, wants and desires.
Goals, (12) , can be either positive or negative. A positive goal is one toward (13) behavior is directed and it is often referred to as an approach object. A negative goal is (14) from which behavior is directed away and it is sometimes referred to as an avoidance object. Since both approach and avoidance goals can be considered objectives of motivated behavior, most researchers refer to (15) types simply as goals. Consider this example. A middle-aged woman may wish to remain (16) attractive as possible. Her positive goal is to appear desirable, and (17) she may use a perfume advertised to make her irresistible. A negative goal may be to prevent her skin (18) aging, and therefore she may buy and use face creams. (19) the former case, she uses perfume to help her achieve her positive goal -- attractiveness; in the (20) case, she uses face creams to help avoid a negative goal -- wrinkled skin.