问题 综合题

(15分)【历史上重大改革与回眸】

材料一 阿里改革是亚非国家实现近代化改革的先驱,对亚非各国和中国都有影响。这次改革与历史上的许多改革不同,过去的改革是在世界资本主义尚未充分发展的条件下进行的,是各国在旧制度范围内的调整和改良;而阿里改革是处在英、法、美资产阶级革命已经胜利,资本主义近代化正在凯歌行进的时代,落后分裂的埃及相继遭到法英侵略,民族危机日深的条件下进行的。改革虽未触动封建制度的根基,但他所进行的政治、经济、军事和文化教育的改革,是在向西方学习的前提下,对埃及封建制度进行的一次全面的体制改革,超出了政策调整和局部改良的范围。

材料二 王泰在《穆罕默德·阿里改革与埃及的早期现代化》一文中认为穆罕默德·阿里改革是由阿里所代表的埃及新型统治者在第一次浪潮冲击下,被迫作出的以面向现代化社会的最初尝试,是以“西方化”为最大特征的一场埃及早期防御性现代化运动。……在以后像德国、日本这样十分成功的现代化运动中,都可找到阿里推动早期现代化的影子,如推行以军事工业为主的工业化,国家和政府在现代化启动过程中发挥独特且重要的作用以及工业资金来源于对农业的剥夺等,因此,就外源现代化的模式表现特征来看,埃及称得上是先行者,它不仅拉开了埃及早期现代化的序幕,在某种意义上甚至可以说,它拉开了在资本主义列强侵略下广大亚非拉国家现代化的序幕。

——《内蒙古民族师院学报》1997年第4期

阅读上述材料,回答

(1)根据材料一,概括阿里改革的时代特征。(6分)

(2)对于阿里改革的评价,材料一、材料二有何异同?(9分)

答案

(1)世界资本主义迅速发展,资本主义近代化大力推进;(3分)埃及遭到西方国家的侵略,民族危机深重。(3分)

(2)同:埃及阿里的改革是一次现代化运动;阿里改革对亚非拉等西方列强侵略下的国家和地区的现代化运动起到了示范作用。(4分)

异:材料一强调阿里改革是对封建制度的一次全面改革,材料二没有;材料二认为阿里改革也为德国、日本等后起资本主义国家的现代化改革提供了借鉴,材料一没有。(5分)

单项选择题 A型题
阅读理解

Now, it’s time for some brief news items.

Teens Go Online

Some 13 million European children under 18 use the Internet for schoolwork, games and music according to research done by Nielsen’s “Net-rating”. The study covered Britain, Germany, France, Italy and Spain. Experts advesed parents to limit the time their kids on line and keep them away from chat rooms.

Chat to the magic Mum

British author J.K.Rowling, mother of magic boy Harry Potter, will do an Internet interview about her new bool”Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince”on June 26. Before the event, children are invited to send their questions about Harry to the website. The book will hit stores in the US and UK on June 21 and will arrive in China in August.

School Soldiers

Russian school students will have to do basic military training in their final year of school, the government has decided.The lesson will include learning to fire guns, marching drills and how to deal with a chemical, nuclear or biological attack. The activity is seen as part of a drive toward the education of their love for their country.

Is it hard for you to get up early and get ready for classes? Some students at Winter Park High School just roll our of bed in their pajamas(睡衣) and go to class in their own bedrooms. Of course, their teachers and classmates do not see them because all their class work is on the computer. The Florida High School, the state’s only online school, had 250 students who are taking classed at home by computer. Students in this first online program take classed in algebra(代数), American government , chemistry, computer, economics, and web-page design. They also have to go to regular school to attend other classes.

66.In the first news item, which country is NOT covered in the research?

A.Britain.  B.France.  C.Sweden.        D.Spain.

67.Why will Russian school students have basic military training?

A.To get ready for a milirary parade.       B.To learn to protect themselves.

C.To gain some military knowledge.        D.To develop their love for the country.

68.About Florida High School, which of these facts is true?

A.Some of the students have to attend classed at home instead of in the school.

B.There are altogether 250 students who take classes in the classrooms.

C.As the state’s only online school, it has 250 students who take classes by computer.

D.Students can’t take classes in algebra, American government, chemistry, computer and so on.

69.The news from Florida can be given a title”        ” .

A.Get up Lage                  B.Online School 

C.Magical Computers           D.No Teachers

70.What is the second news item mainly about?

A.J.K.Rowling will have an Internet interview.

B.Children will meet Harry Potter’s mother.

C.The Harry Potter book will be available on the Internet.

D.The Harry Potter book will arrive in China in early June.