问题 问答题 简答题

简述胸外心脏按压的正确操作及常见的错误操作。

答案

参考答案:

1.按压时的正确操作术者的手掌根部贴近胸骨,另一只手掌压在术者的手背上,双手指交叉,上面的手指将下面的手指提起以防按压时手指按压在胸壁上,引起肋骨骨折。

2.错误操作

(1)定位不当:正确位置应按压在胸骨正中线剑突上二横指,若按压部位偏下,易使剑突折断而使肝破裂;

(2)按压用力不垂直;尤其是摇摆式按压不仅无效,更易出现肋软骨骨折等严重并发症;

(3)按压时术者双臂屈曲用力不当,致使按压深度不够;

(4)放松时术者手掌根部离开胸骨定位点,或是未能充分放松,致使胸部仍承受足够的压力,使血液难以回到心脏。

阅读理解

Lee Humberg, district manager for the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, is the man in charge of figuring out how to remove the flocks (群) of 15,000 to 20,000 Canada geese(大雁) that could strike planes flying in and out of the New York area. The Port Authority, the agency that manages airport in New York and New Jersey, estimates that there have been as many as 315 bird strikes annually in the past 30 years.

Bird strikes have been a hot topic since a US Airways jet suffered a “double strike” and made an emergency landing on the Hudson River in January 2009. All 155 passengers were rescued safely and the flight was called “Miracle on the Hudson”. The plane finally ended up at the Carolinas Aviation Museum. The next major bird strike may not have such a happy ending.

To thin the flocks, Humberg and his team have tracked down goose nests and killed eggs with corn oil. They’ve also terrified the birds with dogs, remote-controlled boats and kites that look like eagles. But the only method that effectively decreases the goose population is the one that angers animal lovers the most: gassing hundreds at a time.

“If all you are doing is goose harassment (骚扰) every day, it’s very frustrating, because you are just playing Ping-Pong with the birds,” Humberg told New York magazine. “It’s basically an arms race to come up with the tools to deal with them.”

Now New York City plans to send the geese captured to Pennsylvania to be cooked and distributed at food banks as meals for the poor. That might just be a fate better than flying into a 747 engine.

小题1:What can we learn form Humberg?

A.He does research on geese’s living conditions.

B.He makes efforts to protect wild birds.

C.He deals with the danger of birds at airports.

D.He tries to find newer and safer airlines.小题2:Why was the flight called “Miracle on the Hudson”?

A.It suffered a “double strike”.

B.It arrived at a plane museum.

C.It only caused a few deaths.

D.It succeeded in landing on a river.小题3:By saying “you are just playing Ping-Pong with the birds”, Humberg means ______.

A.It’s interesting to fight with the birds

B.It’s a skill-needed race against the birds

C.you can’t defeat the bird in the end

D.you should live with birds peacefully小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that ______.

A.Canada geese can fly as high as planes

B.New York airlines are in poor management

C.bird strikes happen once a week on average

D.the poor may also benefit from Humberg’s work

单项选择题