问题 单项选择题

阅读下文,完成以下问题。

我初到英国读书时,一位很爱护我的教师——辛博森先生——写了一封很恳切的长信,给我讲为人治学的道理,其中有一句话说:“大学教育在于使人有正确的价值意识,知道权衡轻重。”事隔二十余年,我还很清楚地记得这句看来颇似寻常的话。在当时,我看到了有几分诧异,心时想:大学教育的功用就不过如此么这二三十年的人生经验才逐渐使我明白这句话的分量。我有时虚心检点过去,发现了我每次的过错或失败都恰是当人生歧路,没有能权衡轻重,以至去取失当。比如说,我花去许多功夫读了一些于今看来是值不得读书的书,做了一些于今看来是值不得做的文章,尝试了一些于今看来是值不得尝试的事,这样就把正经事业耽误了。好比行军,没有侦出要塞,或是侦出要塞而不尽力去击破,只在无战争重要性的角落徘徊摸素,到精力消耗完了还没碰着敌人,这岂不是愚蠢?

我自己对于这种愚蠢有切身之痛,每衡量当世人物,也喜欢审察他们有没有犯同样的毛病。有许多在学问、思想方面极为我所敬佩的人,希望本来很大,他们如果死心塌地做他们的学问,成就必有可观。但是因为他们在社会上名望很高,每个学校都要请他们演讲,每个机关都要请他们担任职务,每个刊物都要请他们作文章,这样一来,他们不能集中力量去做一件事,用非其长,长处不能发展,不久也就荒废了。名位是中国学者的大患。没有名位去挣扎求名位,旁驰博骛,用心不专,是一种浪费;既得名位而社会视为万能,事事都来打搅,惹得人心花意乱,是一种更大的浪费。 “古之学者为己,今之学者为人。”在“为人”、“为已”的冲突中,“为人”是很大的诱惑。学者遇到这种诱惑,必须知所轻重,毅然有所取舍,否则随波逐流,不旋踵就有没落之祸。认定方向,立定脚跟,都需要很深厚的修养。

“正其谊不谋其利,明其道不计其功”,是儒家在人生理想上所表现的价值意识。“学也禄在其中”,既学而获禄,原亦未尝不可;为干禄而求学,或得禄而忘学,便是颠倒本末。我国历来学子正坐此弊。记得从前有一个学生刚在中学毕业,他的父亲就要他做事谋生,有友人劝阻他说:“这等于吃稻种。”这句聪明话可表现一般家长视教育子弟为投资的心理。近来一般社会重视功利,青年学子便以功利自期,入学校只图混资格作敲门砖,对学问没有浓厚的兴趣,至于立身处世的道理更视为迂阔而远•于事情。这是价值意识的混乱。教育的根基不坚实,影响到整个社会风气以至于整个文化。轻重倒置,急其所应缓,缓其所应急,这种毛病在每个人的生活上,在政治上,在整个文化动向上都可以看见。近来我看了英国人贝尔的《文化论》(Clive Bell:Civilization),其中有一章专论价值意识为文化要素,颇引起我的一些感触。贝尔专从文化观点立论,我联想到“价值意识”在人生许多方面的意义。这问题值得仔细一谈。

第一段末尾“这岂不是愚蠢”一句中,“愚蠢”指的是()。

A.混淆了是非界限。

B.耽误了大好年华和正经事业。

C.缺乏科学的预见以致去取失当。

D.没掌握评判标准以至得不偿失。

答案

参考答案:B

阅读理解

阅读理解

    For anyone who is determined to be a fashion (时尚) designer, it is not enough to have succeeded in

college. The real test is whether they can survive, and become established during their eady 20s, making

a name for themselves in the real world where business skills can be as important as talent and creativity.

     Fashion is a hard business. There is a continuous amount of stress because work is at a constant and

extremely fast speed to prepare for the next season's collections. It is extremely competitive and there is

the constant need to make attractive advertisements of the latest fashion in newspapers and magazines. It

also requires continual freshness because the appetite for new ideas is hard to satisfy. "We try to warn

people before they come to us about how tough it is."says Lydia Kemeny, the Heed of Fashion at St.

Martin's School of Art in London. "And we point out that drive and determination are absolutely

necessary."

     This may seem far removed from the popular opinions of fashionable young people spending their

time designing pretty dresses. That may well be what they do in their first year of study but a good

college won't be slow in introducing students to commercial realities. "We don't walk our foot on the

blossoming (绽放的) flower of creativity but in the second year we start introducing the restrictions of

price, producing abitity,marketing and so on."

      Almost all fashion design is done to a brief. It is not a form of selfexpression as such, although there

is certainly room for imagination and creativity. Most young designers are going to end up as employees

of a producer or a fashion house and they still need to be able to work within the characteristic style ot

their employer. Even those students who are most modern in their own taste of clothes may need to adapt

to produce designs which are right for the mainstream of market. They also have to be able to work at

both the expensive and the cheap end of the market and the challenge to produce good design

inexpensively may well be demanding.

1. Which of the following is mainly discussed in the passage?

A. Talent in fashion.

B. Good marks at college.

C. Ability to create new designs.

D. Business skills in fashion industry.

2. What can we learn from the second paragraph?

A. Fashion designers are highly motivated and really determined.

B. Good preparations for the next season can reduce stress.

C. Consumers' appetite for new ideas keeps changing.

D. Advertisament business is very competitive.

3. How does St.Martin's School of Art train her students of fashion?

A. To encourage the new students to design freely with imagination.

B. To require students to develop their creativity in their designing.

C. To demand students to make pretty dresses for companies.

D. To offer commercial courses for the new students.

4. What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. Lydia Kemeny's opinion.

B. The competitive business world.

C. The warning to the young designers.

D. The real situation in fashion industry.

单项选择题