问题 解答题
已知函数f(x)=x2-alnx,g(x)=bx-
x
+2,其中a,b∈R且ab=2.函数f(x)在[
1
4
,1
]上是减函数,函数g(x)在[
1
4
,1]
上是增函数.
(1)求函数f(x),g(x)的表达式;
(2)若不等式f(x)≥g(x)对x∈[
1
4
,1]
恒成立,求实数m的取值范围.
(3)求函数h(x)=f(x)+g(x)-
1
2
x
的最小值,并证明当n∈N*,n≥2时f(n)+g(n)>3.
答案

(1)求导函数可得f′(x)=2x-

a
x

∵函数f(x)在[

1
4
,1]上是减函数,∴对任意的x∈[
1
4
,1
],f′(x)≤0恒成立,所以a≥2x2,所以a≥2;

同理可得b≥1;

∵ab=2,∴a=2,b=1;

∴f(x)=x2-2lnx,g(x)=x-

x
+2;

(2)∵f(1)=1>0,g(

1
4
)=
7
4
>0,且函数f(x)在[
1
4
,1
]上是减函数,函数g(x)在[
1
4
,1]
上是增函数.

∴x∈[

1
4
,1]时,f(x)>0,g(x)>0,∴m≤
f(x)
g(x)

(

f(x)
g(x)
)′<0,∴
f(x)
g(x)
在[
1
4
,1
]上是减函数,

∴m≤

f(1)
g(1)
=
1
2

(3)h(x)=f(x)+g(x)-

1
2
x=x2-2lnx+
1
2
x
-
x
+2,则h′(x)=(
x
-1)
[
2(
x
+1)(x+1)
x
+
x
+1
2
x
],当x>0时,
2(
x
+1)(x+1)
x
+
x
+1
2
x
>0
,∴当x∈(0,1)时,h′(x)<0;当x∈(1,+∞)时,h′(x)>0

∴h(x)在(0,1)上递减,在(1,+∞)上递增

∴x=1时,函数取得最小值h(1)=

5
2

证明:当n≥2时,h(n)≥h(2)=7-2ln2-

2
>3,∴h(n)>3,

∴n∈N*,n≥2时f(n)+g(n)>3+

n
2
>3成立.

选择题
阅读理解

A

“Depend on yourself” is what nature says to every man. Parents can help you. Teachers can help you. But all these only help you to help yourself.

There have been many great men in history. But many of them were very poor in boyhood, and had no uncles, aunts, or friends to help them. Schools were few and low. They could not depend on them for an education. They saw how it was, and set to work with all their strength to know something. They worked their own way up to fame.

One of the most famous teachers in England used to tell his pupils, “I cannot make worthy men of you, but I can help you make men of yourselves.”

Some young men have no ambitions(抱负) to do anything; and they are to be pitied. They can never succeed unless they see their foolishness, and change their courses. They are nothing now, and will be nothing as long as they live, unless they accept the advice of parents and teachers, and depend upon their own honest and serious efforts.

小题1:The best title for this passage is ________.

A.Depend on Yourself

B.Don’t Depend on Your Parents

C.Nobody can help you

D.The Good Advice小题2: From the passage we know that many great men in history ________.

A.learned everything themselves in boyhood

B.didn’t receive any education

C.had no relatives or friends

D.depended on themselves to become famous小题3:Which of the following is TRUE?

A.Parents can make you succeed.

B.Great men in history were very poor.

C.Teachers would not like to help you to be a man.

D.Only you can make yourself a great man.小题4:Why have some young men failed in everything?

A.They have no ambitions.

B.They are to be pitied.

C.They have changed their courses.

D.They have seen their foolishness.