问题 问答题

某公司年息税前利润为2000万元,资金全部来源于普通股筹资,该公司认为目前的资本结构不合理,准备用平价发行债券(不考虑筹资费用)购回部分股票的办法予以调整,假定债券的市场价值等于其面值,公司所得税税率为30%。经过调查,目前的债务平均利息率和普通股成本的情况如表所示:

债券的市场价值(万元) 债务平均利息率 股票β值 无风险报酬(Rf) 平均风险股票必要报酬率(Km)
0 1.2 8% 10%
500 4% 1.3 8% 10%
800 5% 1.4 8% 10%
1000 6% 1.5 8% 10
要求:使用公司价值分析法计算公司的市场价值,比较分析债务筹资多少万元时公司的资本结构最佳,并计算此时公司的平均资金成本。

答案

参考答案:根据已知条件可以计算普通股的资金成本分别为:
债券价值=0时,普通股资金成本=8%+1.2×(10%-8%)=10.4%
债券价值=500万元时,普通股资金成本=8%+1.3×(10%-8%)=10.6%
债券价值=800万元时,普通股资金成本=8%+1.4×(10%-8%)=10.8%
债券价值=1000万元时,普通股资金成本=8%+1.5×(10%-8%)=11%
公司的市场价值=股票的市场价值+债券的市场价值
由于本题中假定债券的市场价值等于其面值,所以:公司的市场价值=股票的市场价值+债券面值股票的市场价值=(息税前利润-利息)×(1-所得税税率)/普通股成本
债券市场价值为0时:
股票市场价值=(2000-0)×(1-30%)/10.4%=13461.54(万元)
公司的市场价值=13461.54+0=13461.54(万元)
债券市场价值为500万元时:
股票市场价值=(2000-500×4%)×(1-30%)/10.6%=13075.47(万元)
公司的市场价值=13075.47+500=13575.47(万元)
债券市场价值为800万元时:
股票市场价值=(2000-800×5%)×(1-30%)/10.8%=12703.7(万元)
公司的市场价值=12703.7+800=13503.7(万元)
债券市场价值为1000万元时:
股票市场价值=(2000-1000×6%)×(1-30%)/11%=12345.45(万元)
公司的市场价值=12345.45+1000=13345.45(万元)
通过上面的计算可以看出:在债务为500万元时,公司的市场价值最大,所以,债务为500万元的资本结构为最佳资本结构。
此时公司的平均资金成本=13075.47/13575.47×10.6%+500/13575.47×4%×(1-30%)=10.31%

判断题
填空题

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