问题 单项选择题

只要天上有太阳并且气温在零摄氏度以下,街上总有很多人穿皮夹克。只要天下着雨并且气温在零摄氏度以上,街上总有人穿着雨衣。有时,天上有太阳但却同时下着雨。
如果上述断定为真,则以下哪项一定为真( )

A.如果气温在零摄氏度以上但街上没人穿雨衣,则天一定没下雨
B.如果街上有很多人穿着皮夹克但天没下雨,则天上一定有太阳
C.如果气温在零摄氏度以下并且街上没有多少人穿着皮夹克,则天一定下着雨
D.如果气温在零摄氏度以上并且街上有人穿着雨衣,则天一定下着雨

答案

参考答案:A

解析:[命题提示]
逻辑推理题
[解题要点]
运用逻辑基本规则解题
[答案与解析]
题干可以表示为充分条件假言判断:①(P∧Q)→R(P表示天上有太阳,Q表示气温在零摄氏度以下,“∧”表示并且,“→”表示只要……就……。R表示很多人穿皮夹克)。②(S∧┐Q)→T(S表示天下着雨,T表示有人穿雨衣)。③P∧S。A项可以表示为:(┐Q∧┐T)→┐1 S。根据②,┐T否定了②的后件,据充分条件假言判断的推理规则,否定后件,可以否定前件,因此可以推出┐(S∧┐Q),又据┐(S∧┐Q)=┐S∨Q,代入┐Q,依据选言判断否定肯定式可知:┐S。故A项正确。B项可以表示为:(R∧┐S)→P。根据充分条件假言判断规则R和①是肯定后件,不能判断前件的真假,因而无法判断P的真假,此外由┐S和③因为否定直言判断的一肢不能判断另一肢的真假,故B项不正确。C项表示为:(┐Q∧P)→S。由P和③、┐Q和②根据直言判断的规则都不能判断S的真假,因而C项也不正确。D项表示为:(T∧┐Q)→S。由T和②根据充分条件假言判断肯定后件不能肯定前件,因而不能判断S的真假,因而D项也不正确。故选A。

单项选择题

Passage Four

Skin Care
护肤
The eyes are described as the windows of the soul, the mouth as the courier of thought, and the nose as the servant of olfaction. The skin is just the frame to the picture. Unfortunately, many judge themselves according to this frame. They could either have feelings of content or censure of their own physical features. Good health and self-esteem go hand-in-hand during the process of exercising and establishing good health habits. The skin’s clarity of ache, wrinkles, and sunburns is merely assistance to their stature of confidence. Having healthy skin is a step to confidence. Becoming worry-free of appearances is practicing good sleeping, eating, and drinking habits that lead to the success of a healthy looking person. Adolescents need about 8-10 hours of sleep a night, and adults need less than that. However, the body needs to rest and save energy for ongoing activities. Eating properly from the four basic food groups maintains the balance of proteins and nutrients. Fluid consumption of water is more recommended by doctors than the choice of soft drinks that are out on the market. Water provides plenty of water that is the key to have that fresh natural look. When actress, Rebecca Gayheart, (the commercial model of Noxema)was interviewed by Shape magazine in the 1998 November issue, she said, "My beauty routine is basically plenty of sleep and lots of water. " Exercising regularly will circulate blood and keep skin firm and toned. Getting involved in an activity that a person enjoys, and they are most likely to be happy and look more healthy. Having to be the largest organ of the human body, the skin’s main function is to protect the body from microbes. Because of the large coverage of the skin over the body, it would be encouraged to take care of its texture and form. Many desire healthy looking skin that is smooth and firm. The attraction for this desire makes the market place booming with industry in order to fulfil the consumers’ desire. Viewers at home can be guaranteed to see some type of commercial advertisement on TV that focuses on the integument and appendages of hair, make-up, lotions, or nail products. Keeping the face clear promotes good self-esteem and confidence to one’s appearance. Good skin can save time from make-up. When a girl wants to step out for a night of the town, the pimples and blemishes on her face will be the last thing that she will be conscious of. Little things can be erupted from something so miniscule. The first thing to combat would be the pores. Pores are what allows the skin to breathe. If pores were to be blocked by dirt, oil, or make-up, unwanted ache would take place. Avoid wearing make-up to sleep and touching the face when hands are dirty. Pores can be kept clean if washed daily, by using a soft facial cleanser versus the usage of deodorant soaps. Whenever heading for the pool or a day out in the sun, never forget to protect your skin from hazardous Ultraviolet (UV)rays. By overexposure to Ultraviolet rays, you’re more likely to develop cancer. Through the appliance of sunscreen upon the exposed skin, and underneath make-up we can decrease the odds are more likely to be in your favor. Do not go out and tan, because that ruins the outer membranes. The high percentage of risk upon skin cancer is a large fear.

According to the passage, people are advised to wear make-up______.

A.24 hours a day

B.only during the sleeping time

C.not while sleeping

D.neither during the daytime nor during the nighttime

选择题