问题 单项选择题

阅读下面短文,回答下 * * 道题。
考古学在某些地区,从旅游的极大重要性中找到自己的价值;在另一些地区,从各种实际应用中找到巨大优势。最为显著的贡献是在农业考古学领域。因为,在一些情况下,考古学家可以变得像上帝一样,灌输荒芜的沙漠或极大地增加谷物的产量。然而,他们做到这一点,不是通过他们自己的才能而是通过重堑发掘出被遗忘的我们祖先的智慧。例如,纳巴塔人在两千年之前占据着以色列险恶的内盖夫沙漠,他们生活在城市里,种植葡萄、小麦和橄榄。空中摄影和考古学已经联合起来揭示出,他们做到这一点是借助一种精巧的系统,把这一地区很少发生的大暴雨的雨水引灌到灌溉沟渠与蓄水池中。科学家们已经能够运用同样的方法来重建这一地区的古代农场,这些农场现在甚至在干旱年份中也能生产出很高的谷物产量。
给人以更为深刻印象的是在秘鲁和玻利维亚高原所发生的事件。空中摄影术与发掘已经揭示出,大约在公元前一千年,在的的喀喀湖周围地区,有至少二十万英亩土地属于一种基于“凸地”的农业体系,这种体系用从地块间沟渠中挖出的泥土来抬高耕种表面。这一体系非常适合于四千米的高度,适合于地区环境,也适合于传统的块根植物。然而,这种体系在五百年前印加帝国的征服之后被放弃了,现代的农业方法涉及大量的机械、化肥、灌溉和进口谷物,这种方法被证明在这种气候下,恰恰并不成功.考古学家已经清理了与重新整修了某些古代凸地,只使用传统工具,在这些地块里种植了土豆和其他传统块根植物。这些田地迄今还没有受到严重干旱、霜冻和严重洪水的影响,而谷物产量则大约是干旱农田上的七倍。许多村庄,数以千计的人民,现在已经开始采用他们祖先的耕作方法,这要感谢考古学家的努力。
反过来说,考古学也能够指出在过去出现过的生态破坏很大程度上是由人所引起的——诸如在公元900年,拜占庭古城佩特拉在几个世纪的对森林的毁灭性开采之后突然崩溃毁灭了;复活节岛上对森林更具破坏性的开采,几乎摧毁了这个小岛惟一的石器时代文化.另一个实例来自阿那萨奇人,他们居住在美洲西南部,在查科峡谷的居住地非常先进,包括有美洲摩天大楼出现前的最大也最高的建筑。为了这些建筑,从公元10世纪开始,这里在不停地继续着无情的木头采伐。不仅如此,木材还要用于满足日益增长的人口的燃料需求。最终所造成的广泛的环境破坏是无法恢复的,这是这一居住地被毁弃的主要因素之一。

文中画线处“智慧”一词的意思是______。

A.纳巴塔人生活在城市里,种植着葡萄、小麦和橄榄

B.纳巴塔人兴建灌溉沟渠和蓄水池

C.从地块间沟渠中挖出泥土,并用这种泥抬高耕种表面

D.在被整修的凸地,用传统工具种植土豆和其他传统植物

答案

参考答案:C

解析: 显然,文中的“智慧”指两点:一是纳巴塔人把雨水引灌到灌溉沟渠与蓄水池中。二是秘鲁和玻利维亚高原上的用从地块间沟渠中挖出的泥土来抬高耕种表面的农林体系。而B项中并未提及关键词“雨水”。

单项选择题
阅读理解

第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

On October 16th 1987, southern Britain was hit by a hurricane, the worst storm to hit Britain since 1703.

Twenty years later, Britain is remembering the disaster known as The Great Storm. 15 million trees across the area were uprooted by the wind, and a wet autumn had made the ground very muddy (泥泞的).

The falling trees caused damage to buildings and vehicles, and blocked roads and railway lines, forcing everyone, from adults to schoolchildren to stay at home.

There were also blackouts across the area, as power lines were damaged by falling trees and flying debris (残骸). People used candles and flashlights (手电) for light, and gas stoves and open fires to cook food.

The storm lasted for 4 hours, and killed 18 lives. The bad weather caused so much damage mostly because of the fact that most people were completely unprepared, and be-cause many weather forecasters didn’t think it could cause a problem.

Earlier that week, weather forecasts had predicted severe (严重的) weather, but forecasters thought it would miss Britain and only affect the English Channel. A well-known weatherman, Michael Fish, ever said that the storm wouldn’t happen, though in fact he was talking about a hurricane in Florida at that time.

The unusual storm caused more than £1billion in dam-age, and hundreds of people were injured.

Could the same thing happen today in Britain? Well, as a result of climate change many people think that sudden and severe weather changes are more likely. However, technology has improved, and satellites give us a much more accurate(精确的)picture of future weather. If another Great Storm comes along, the British public will probably be warned earlier and have more time to prepare!

56. The bad weather in 1987 in Britain caused a lot of damage because ______.

A. it caused a great flood                    B. most people were not prepared

C. it happened in the summer                            D. there was no weather forecast

57. Which of the following was NOT one of the effects of The Great Storm?

A. There were a number of deaths and injuries.   B. The electricity went out.

C. It hit Florida first.                                D. Roads and railway lines were blocked.

58. One week before The Great Storm, weather forecasts ______.

A. could not predict severe weather at all

B. had predicted the severe weather, but some weather forecasters thought it would miss Britain

C. showed that the terrible storm would not hit the English Channel

D. showed that The Great Storm would affect both England and Florida

59. We learn from the last paragraph that ______.

A. this kind of bad weather will not happen in Britain again

B. bad weather will happen more frequently in Britain now

C. people will be better prepared if there is bad weather in Britain now

D. bad weather may be stopped with the development of technology