问题 判断题

股份有限公司减资生效后,如果是因资本过剩而减资,应当按照股东所持股份的比例向股东发还股款,或者免除或减少股东缴纳股款的义务。( )

答案

参考答案:

解析: 掌握资本的含义、资本三原则、资本增加和减少的有关规定。见教材第二章第二节,P47。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成下列各题。(25分)

水塔上的小白杨

李首峰

①在新疆北部的原野上,有一座高高的水塔。在高高的水塔之上,勇敢地站立着一棵两米多高的白杨树。那年夏天,当我驱车从这里路过,目睹它的尊容的时候,我惊呆了,绝境之上站着一个生命,一个郁郁葱葱,生机盎然的生命!我向它行的注目礼,持续了很久很久,直到汽车把我从视野中艰难地拉出来。

②那棵白杨树是怎样登临高塔的?也许是在它还是种子的时候,风把它送上去的,在那个悬崖绝壁上,它找到了一个崖缝,战战兢兢地落住了脚。也许是在水塔建造之初,随泥土被工匠运上去,砌到墙体里的。也许是飞鸟搞的恶作剧。

③它是怎样生根发芽的呢?它在水塔贫瘠的土地上,先找到一个盛有泥土的营养钵,耐心等待。当水送到它的唇边的时候,它接受了水的滋润。当太阳向它伸出温暖手臂的时候,那个可怜的小生命,在春天的襁褓里破壳而出,开始试探着生长了。

④小白杨越长越大,头重脚轻可不行。它的根是如何突破坚硬的壁垒,克服狭小空间的限制而站稳脚跟儿的呢?小白杨懂得,在水塔这样近乎绝境的地方求生存,必须打破传统的思维模式。为了生存,不能娇气,不能和土地讲条件。和水塔这样的土地谈条件、讲价钱,更是毫无意义的。因为水塔不负责培育,它的职责是汲水、供水,为地面的动物和植物服务。

而小白杨是位不速之客,水塔能允许它冒昧借宿已经是很客气、很礼貌、很友好的了。小白杨要站稳脚跟儿,必须采取“见缝插针”的生存技巧。是扣子,就会有洞眼的,任何生命都有缺点和漏洞,它需要智慧地去发现水塔的漏洞,填补这些漏洞。水塔可不希望自己有漏洞,根能够弥补水塔的漏洞,等于是在帮助水塔克服缺点和不足,完全符合水塔的利益和愿望。水塔的每一个家庭成员都会欢迎“根”的光顾。只是,这样的根,必须能屈能伸,能大能小,能粗能细,与水塔的家庭成员达成一种默契,从而和谐相处。根在开拓疆域,但必须不以侵犯他人利益为前提。根很准确地把握着发展的尺寸。总之,小白杨在站稳脚儿的过程中,既要时不我待地开拓进取,又不能因求快而搞得适得其反。

⑤小白杨虽然站稳脚儿了,并非万事大吉了,它还会面临各种危险,最大的危险来自于风。小白杨能够支撑多久,这并不重要,可贵的是它在努力支撑,在尽全力支撑。在未来的岁月里,也许风会将它拦腰斩断,但是风却无法将小白杨置于死地,生命的枝条还会从根系里源源不断地抽出。只要水塔不废弃,任何力量都无法置小白杨于死地。

⑥许多生命在身处绝境的时候,都会怨天尤人,自暴自弃,甚至绝望轻生。而这棵小白杨选择的不是死而是生。如果它选择“死亡”,上天也无可厚非。但它自己清楚,它的使命是为自然界添加宜人的色彩和凉意,它不能因为生存希望微弱而借口放弃;它不能因为生活艰辛而选择轻生。生命是自然之母所赐,除了自然之母,任何生命都无权处置自己的生命。主动放弃生存权,也是对自然法则的公然违背。小白杨敬畏自然,恪守法则,日子虽然过得很难很难,但还是有办法过下去。既然有办法过下去,为什么要自断生路呢?

⑦所谓“绝境”并不绝对。纵观历史长河,放在不同的时空里来观察,有时候,那个所谓的“绝境”,并非绝境,它只是一个还在积累中的顺境,或者是一个等待成熟的顺境。关于这个问题,在这个世界上只有种子最能领悟上述哲理。种子是最为坚强、坚韧的生命,种子是最有耐心的生命。有些种子已经在“绝境”之中等待了几子虽小,但眼界很宽,种子和人的时空概念完全不同。人认为过去一百年了,种子也许认为才过了一年,着急什么呢?

⑧天无绝人之路。当生命绝望的时候,绝境才会真的出现

(选自2009年8月31日《人民日报》20版)

小题1:文章第一段运用了哪些手法来描写水塔上的小白杨?这样写有什么好处?(6分)

小题2:理解下面两句话在文中的含意。(.6分)

根很准确地把握着发展的尺寸。(3分)

‚当生命绝望的时候,“绝境”才会真的出现。(3分)

小题3:文章第4自然段从哪几个方面叙写了“小白杨在站稳脚儿”的生存技巧?(6分)

小题4:根据全文,请分析文中的“小白杨”形象,寄托了作者怎样的思想情感?(7分)

阅读理解

Make the most of college

Dear Daughter,

As we drove off from Columbia, I wanted to write a letter to you to tell you all that is on my mind.

First, I want to tell you how proud we are. Getting into Columbia is a real testament( 证明)of what a great well-rounded student you are. You should be as proud of yourself as we are.

Your college years will be the most important of your life. It is in college that you will discover what learning is about. This will be the period when you go from teacher-taught to master-inspired, after which you must become self-learner. So do take each subject seriously, and even if what you learn isn’t extremely impotant for your life, the learning skills you gain will be something you will cherish(怀念) forever.

Follow your passion in college. Take courses you think you will enjoy. Don’t be trapped by what others think or say, but make up your own mind.

Most importantly, make friends and be happy. College friends are often the best in life. Pick a few friends and become really close to them – pick the ones who are sincere and honest to you.  Don’t worry about their hobbies, grades, looks or even personalities.

Start planning early – what would you like to do? Where would you like to live? What would you like to learn? I think your plan to study fashion is good,  and you should decide where you want to be, and get onto the right courses.

Whether it is summer-planning, or coursework planning, or picking a major,  or managing your time, you should take control of your life. I will always be there for you, but the time has come for you to be in the driver’s seat – this is your life, and you need to be in control. Being in control feels great. Try it, and you’ll love it!

College is the four years where you have:

l The greatest amount of free time

l the first chance to be independent

l the most flexibility(灵活性)to change

l the lowest risk for making mistakes

So please treasure your college years – make the best of your free time, become an independent thinker in control of your destiny(命运), be bold(敢于冒险的) to experiment, learn and grow through your successes and challenges.

May your years at Columbia be the happiest of your life, and may you become just what you dream to be.

Love,

Dad (&Mom)

小题1:What does the author think college life holds in store for his daughter? ______

A.Uncertainty

B.Pure enjoyment.

C.Successes and challenges.

D.Experimentation with life.小题2:What does the author advise his daughter to do in college?______

A.Plan everything.

B.Party with friends in her free time.

C.Ignore what others think or say.

D.Treasure and make the best of her college years.小题3:Which of these pieces of advice is given in the article?_____

a. think and live independently

b. learn how to learn

c. choose friends with similar personalities

d. be genuine and sincere

e. try new things

A.abc

B.bce

C.cde

D.abe小题4:From the text, we can conclude the father ______.

A.is worried about his daughter

B.is optimistic about his daughter’s future

C.is strict with his daughter

D.is sad that his daughter is leaving home