问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成12—16题(20分)

大智大慧

(俄)  盖冒克利德哉

安德莱耶维奇手拿报纸,坐在沙发上打盹儿。突然,有人急促地敲窗,这使安德莱耶维奇有些不知所措,因为他住在八楼,而且他这套房间是没有阳台的。起初,他只当是自己的幻觉。但是,听,敲窗声再次传来。陡然,窗户自动打开,窗台上显现出一个男子的身影,这人穿着长长的白衬衫。 (1)

安德莱耶维奇惊恐地暗想:“是个梦游病患者吧,他要把我怎么样?” (2)

那男子从窗台跳到地板上,背后有两个翅膀摆动了一下。接着,他走到沙发跟前,随便地挨着安德莱耶维奇坐下,说:“深夜来访,请您原谅。不过,这是我的工作。有人说我们天使逍遥自在,终日吃喝玩乐,那是胡言乱语。实际上他对我任意欺压,刻薄着呢。”  (3)

安德莱耶维奇一下子没弄懂,问:“这个‘他’是谁呀?”天使压低声音回答:“我告诉你吧,是上帝!”“哦,明白了,明白了。那么,上帝或者您,找我有事儿吗?”天使说:“您要知道,我是奉他的命令来找您的。我负责分配上帝所赐的东西,也就是智慧。每个人都应该分配到智慧,或多或少罢了。可是昨天我查明,我一时疏忽,您遭到了不公正的对待,也就是说,我忘了分配智慧给您。” (4)

安德莱耶维奇怒气冲冲,从沙发上一跃而起:“什么什么!您怎么能够如此粗心大意!快把我应有的一份交给我!别人的我管不着,可我的一份,劳驾,快交给我吧。哼,难道我低人一等?”天使安慰他:“我正是为此而来。我完全承认自己的过错。我尽力弥补,为您效劳。我给您送来的,不仅是智慧,而且是大智大慧!” (5)

天使从怀里取出一只小塑料袋,里面五颜六色,流光溢彩。安德莱耶维奇接过小塑料袋,藏进床头柜的抽屉里,转身说:“谢谢您想起了我!要不然,我就会这么一点智慧也没有、傻头傻脑地混一辈子啦!”天使忙接嘴:“哦,这确实太可怕了!如今全安排好啦!我真为您高兴!现在,您将享受到苦苦怀疑的幸福!”“什么什么?怎样的怀疑?”“苦苦的怀疑。”“这是为什么?非苦不可吗?”“那当然。此外,您还将猛猛地摔跤,飞速地升迁。”安德莱耶维奇没听清楚:“飞速地升迁?那好哇,还有什么?”“猛猛地摔跤!”安德莱耶维奇警觉起来:“唔,那么,还会怎么样?”“您还会由于暂时不被理解的孤立而感到一种崇高的自豪。”“暂时不被理解?您不骗人?的确是暂时的吗?”“当然,暂时的!不过,这段时间可能比您的一生还长得多,但是您将经常具有一种创造的冲动!”  (6)

安德莱耶维奇皱眉蹙额地说:“创造的冲动?还有什么?您全爽爽快快说出来吧,别折磨人了。”“哦,还多着呢。也许,甚至要为所抱的信念而牺牲生命,死而无憾!”一定得……得死吗?”“要有充分的思想准备。这是获得人们敬仰的、万世流芳的伟大幸福。” (7)

安德莱耶维奇沉默片刻,使劲地握握天使的手,说:“好吧,谢谢您,感谢之至!” (8)

等天使飞出窗户,安德莱耶维奇就从抽屉里取小塑料袋,准备丢进垃圾通道。转念一想,又下了楼,走进院子,找了个阴暗角落,把一塑料袋大智大慧深深地埋入土中。 (9)

12.概括第(1)(2)段所写情境的特点并简析其作用。(4分)

13.从全文看,安德莱耶维奇具有哪些个性特征(3分)

14.把天使塑造成“随便”而多话的形象,有什么作用(3分)

15.安德莱耶维奇最终“把一塑料袋大智大慧深深地埋入土中”,对他的这一行为,你有何看法?请结合作品简要分析。(5分)

16.简评本文的写作特点(5分)

答案

12.参考答案关键词:神秘、奇幻,让人惊恐(2分);设置悬念,引发读者的阅读兴趣(2分)。

13.参考答案关键词:计较追求现实利益(1分);不愿面对生活挫折(1分);害怕牺牲(1分)

14.参考答案关键词:除了能进一步加强作品的幽默风趣感,还与情节发展的需要密切相关。

15.1、这一行为是一种现实的选择。文中的安德莱耶维奇只是一个胸无大志的普通人,既无法真正理解何谓“大智大慧”,也担当不起“大智大慧”带来的一切,“大智大慧”本就不属于他的世界。

2、这一行为显示出一种市侩的心态。安德莱耶维奇希望自己不是“傻头傻脑地混一辈子”,却又不愿为此吃苦、牺牲。缺乏高远抱负、一味计较追求现实利益的他永远只能是庸庸碌碌的小人物。

16.参考答案关键词:

(1)想象力丰富。通过天使与主人公安德莱耶维奇的对话,表达出作者对现实世界人生观、价值观的深刻思考。

(2)篇幅虽短,意蕴深长。

(3)首尾相呼应。第(2)段提到跳入室内的男子“背后有两个翅膀摆动了一下”,与文末“天使飞出窗户”的情节相呼应。

(4)幽默风趣感。

(5)善用对话。

12.命题意图在于考查对作品表现出来的价值判断和审美取向进行评价的能力。

13.命题意图在于考查赏析文学作品人物形象和内涵的能力。

14. 命题意图在于考查对文学作品的写作技巧分析概括的能力。评分要求:大意对,一点一分,语言卷面一分。

15.这是一道开放题,命题意图在于考查深入挖掘作品意蕴的能力和语言概括表达能力。

16.命题意图在于考查对文学作品主要表现手法及其表达作用的分析能力。答对一点并能联系作品内容分析给2分,两点3分,3点4分;语言表达1分;不联系作品分析的不给分。

阅读理解

     If there is one thing I am sure about, it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading

newspapers. It is not that newspapers are a necessity. Even now some people get most of their news

from television or radio. Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday. But for most people reading

a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation.

     The nature of what is news may change. What basically makes news is what affects our lives- the

big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the

same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though. It's already happening in areas

that may directly affect our lives, like genetic(基因) engineering. In the future, I think there will be more

coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do — as we develop a better understanding of

how the brain operates and what our feelings really are.

     It's quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted(传送) electronically from

Fleet Street and printed out in our own home. In fact, I am pretty sure that it will happen in the future.

You will probably be able to choose from a menu, making up your own newspaper by picking out the

things you want to read- sports and international news, etc.

     I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media

(煤体). They actually feed off each other. Some people once foresaw that television would kill off

newspapers, but that hasn't happened. What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a

screen or sound lost in the air. And as for the Internet, it is never really pleasant to read something just

on a screen.          

1. What is the best title for the text?

A. The Best Way to Get News          

B. The Changes of Media

C. Make Your Own Newspaper        

D. The Future of Newspapers

2. In the writer's opinion, in the future, ___________.

A. more big political affairs, wars and disasters will make news

B. newspapers will not be printed in publishing houses any longer.

C. newspapers will cover more scientific research

D. more and more people will watch TV.

3. What will probably be on in the newspaper made by yourself?

A. Sports and international news.      

B. A menu of important news

C. The most important news.          

D. What you are interested in

4. From the text, we can infer that _____________.

A. newspapers will win the competition among the different media

B. newspapers will stay with us together with other media

C. television will take the place of newspapers.

D. some media will die out

5. The underlined phrase "feed off" in the last paragraph means ___________.

A. depend on    

B. compete with    

C. fight with      

D. kill of

单项选择题