问题 问答题

咨询者提出提前终止咨访关系的原因有哪些应如何处理

答案

参考答案:咨询者生病。有些咨询者由于重病,决定停止执业。如果咨询者的健康许可,他应该有机会让来访者在会谈中表达他对终止咨询关系的感觉,如哀伤、生气或失望等,让来访者有机会处理早年类似的经验。
(2)咨询者搬家。有些咨询者,特别是那些在社区机构或大学辅导中心的咨询者,由于职业的升迁变动而搬家。
(3)咨询者不再对来访者有帮助。咨询者对来访者进行心理咨询一段时间后,或许认为来访者已有足够的进步,无需再继续咨询;或许认为自己已尽了自己的专业能力,来访者虽有进步,更需要继续咨询,可是咨询者认为自己不再对来访者有帮助时,咨询者应主动提出结束咨询的建议。
(4)咨询者无法承受来自来访者的情绪压力。咨询者如果对某一个来访者有强烈的反移情或无法承受来访者的情绪压力时,这个时候咨询者认为自己的情绪已经干扰对来访者的专业服务时,应主动提出结束咨询,并且将他转介给适合的咨询者。

选择题
阅读理解

Quality after-school programs are designed to improve academic performance, decrease youth crimes and other high -risk behaviors, and help young people grow into healthy, successful adults.

The effect of quality after-school programs on academic performance is clear. Studies show that students who take part in such programs show better work habits, higher rates of homework completion, improved grades, and higher scores on achievement tests. They also have fewer absences and are less likely to blame. After-school programs also influence high-risk teen behavior. Various studies show decreased rates of crime, drug use, and teen sex among youth who join in well-run after-school programs when compared to similar youth who do not. Finally, after-school programs play an important role in supporting the following fields of development: physical development, mental development and social development. Thus, one can safely say that after-school programming is an effective method to help young people become contributing members of society.

Although there is enough proof from both small and large assessments that after-school programs can make a positive difference, it is important to note that not all programs are equal. First, dosage(时量)matters —young people who attend the most hours over the most years benefit more than members who attend less often or over a shorter period of time. Next, after-school programs make a bigger difference for those students who need help most and have the fewest choices. Finally, program qualities matter. After-school programs work best when they create unique opportunities for youth. They should provide opportunities, skill building meaningful involvement, expression suggestion, service, and work. Staff characteristics make an important difference in the quality of a program. The adults should treat youth as partners, create safe and fair environment, encourage personalized involvement, and actively create learning opportunities. In short, although after-school programs have promising future, how they are  designed and run matters.

1. Quality after-school programs can not help the students       .

A. have fewer attendances            B. improve academic performance

C. have high scores on tests           D. decrease high-risk teen behavior

2. According to the passage, a good after-school program is usually determined by       .

a. its unique opportunities            b. safe and fair environments

c. work staff characteristics           d. students’ willingness and family backgrounds

A. a, b, c, d          B. a, b, c       C. a, c, d         D. b, c, d

3. The main intention of the writer is to       .

A. present the problems with quality after -school programs

B. warn school leaders of quality after-school programs

C. compare quality after-school programs with bad ones

D. give an introduction of quality after -school programs

4. Which of the following structures suits the passage best?

   A. Quality Aims      

     After-school   Effects

      Program      Analysis   Conclusion

   B. Quality Aims      

     After-school   Causes    Effects

      Program      Analysis   Conclusion

C. Quality Aims      

     After-school   Causes      Conclusion

      Program      Analysis

   D. Quality Aims      

     After-school   Effects     Conclusion

      Program      Analysis