问题 问答题

2000年12月,个体户张某与某制鞋厂签订了购销合同。合同规定:制鞋厂供给张某 500双真皮旅游鞋,每双单价100元,总价款5万元,张某应在合同订立后的第15天内将货提走并付清货款。合同订立后的第14天,张某因仅有4.5万元资金,便向制鞋厂提出拿自己的摄像机作为质押,该厂同意,双方签订了质押合同,约定张某必须于2001年1月30日前还清欠款,如逾期不还,摄像机则归制鞋厂所有。 张某交付4.5万元和摄像机后提走了货物。摄像机交给制鞋厂后,厂里的工人经常使用,因保管不善被人盗走。2001年1月20日,张某欲将5 000元钱偿还给制鞋厂时,发现制鞋厂却无法返还质押物。为此,张某诉至法院要求制鞋厂赔偿摄像机。 问题: (1)双方商定的“如逾期不还,摄像机则归制鞋厂所有”是否符合法律规定 (2)法院是否支持张某的诉讼请求为什么 (3)如果张某2001年1月30日仍未偿还货款,制鞋厂能否变卖摄像机

答案

参考答案:

解析:(1)双方关于“如逾期不还,摄像机则归制鞋厂所有”的约定违反了《担保法》关于禁止流质条款的规定。《担保法》明确规定: “出质人和质权人在合同中不得约定在债务履行期届满质权人未受清偿时,质物的所有权转移为质权人所有。”本案中张某与制鞋厂的约定为“流质”条款,这项约定是无效的。质权人不能在债务人不履行合同时直接获得质物所有权,而只能按照法律规定,将质物变价后满足自己的债权。《担保法》之所以禁止流质的约定,是因为流质的做法,使质权人可以乘出质人急迫或穷困的情势而损害出质人的利益,违反订立合同的基本原则。 (2)法院应当支持张某的诉讼请求。因为法律规定,在质押期限内,质权人负有妥善保管质物的义务。本案中,制鞋厂未履行对质物的妥善保管义务,致使质物遗失,当然应承担责任。 (3)如果张某2001年1月30日仍未偿还货款,制鞋厂可以依法变卖摄像机。因为出质人逾期不能履行债务时,质权人可以变卖质物,从价款中优先受偿。对此《担保法》规定:“债务履行期届满质权人未受清偿的,可以与出质人协议以质物折价,也可以依法拍卖、变卖质物。质物折价或者拍卖、变卖后,其价款超过债权数额的部分归出质人所有,不足部分由债务人清偿。”

单项选择题 A型题
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信息匹配

A. To be seen and noticed by the leaders

B. Learn and use new skills

C. Do what you are supposed to do

D. Get useful information and advice

E. Look for someone to guide you

F. Keep it in mind:work hard

1. _____

     Keep in mind that those who play a lot and hard can loose but those who play smart will always win

the day.These tips when employed well will be your tickets to the top.The first thing you need to do is

look at your performance.Are you doing what you are supposed to be doing?When you know what is

expected, you will acquire a momentum that will lead you to the right direction.Otherwise, there is no

need of outdoing yourself and others when you are not delivering the right results.

2._____

     The other tip that will make you stand out from the rest is hard work.You need to do extra and ask

for more.The workload might be overwhelming but promotion only comes to those who are excellent or

do things that are out of the ordinary or beyond expectation.You must employ extreme dedication to

make sure that even as you ask for more, you do not compromise on the quality of work you deliver.

3. _____

     Another tip for promotion is the workplace is to have a presence.You must be seen at work not just

by your colleagues but by leaders in your line of work.Take advantage of every opportunity to interact

and know that people on top keep a keen eye looking out for those who stand out.

4. _____

     Do not be shy to embrace new skills and explore a variety.Promotions only come to those who are

aware that this is a dynamic world that smiles on those who are willing to adopt new skills.Devote

yourself to doing things that are considered extra and do not be afraid of this.This will go a long way in

making you the person for consideration when it comes to promotions in the workplace.

5. _____

     Another tip is get information first hand from those who are on top.Talk to those that have been

promoted in your organizations and seek advice.Remember, you do not have to learn throught what they

say but can learn through their character and how they do their stuff.Action will speak louder than words.

However, you need to be aware that you are doing this to make yourself important and not to become

another person.Often times, many workers seeking promotion will pretend to be something they are not.