1.Passage 1
下面你将听到联合国秘书长接受有关奖项的一段讲话。
Mr. Chairman, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
I should like, first of all, to once again thank the Norwegian Nobel Committee for the award they have made to the United Nations Peace-Keeping Operations. Their decision has been acclaimed all over the world. I take this opportunity also to express once again my deep gratitude to the countries, which have contributed troops or provided logistical support to these operations. It is to their willing cooperation that we owe the success of this great experiment in conflict control.
Peace—the word evokes the simplest and most cherished dream of humanity. Peace is, and has always been, the ultimate human aspiration. And yet our history shows that while we speak incessantly of peace, our actions tell a very different story. Peace is an easy word to say in any language. As Secretary-General of the United Nations, I hear it so frequently from so many different mouths and different sources, that it sometimes seems to me to be a general incantation more or less deprived of practical meaning.
What do we really mean by peace Human nature being what it is, peace must inevitably be a relative condition. The essence of life is struggle and competition, and to the extent perfect peace is an almost meaningless abstraction. Struggle and competition arc stimulating, but when they degenerate into conflict they are usually both destructive and disruptive. The aim of political institutions like the UN is to draw the line between struggle and conflict and to make it possible for nations to stay on the right side of the line. Peace-keeping operations are one very practical means of doing this.
What we are trying to create in the UN is a world where nations recognize at the same time the ultimate futility of war and the collective responsibility that men and women everywhere share for ensuring a decent future. All human experience seems to show that in international, as in national, affairs, rule of law is an essential objective for any society wishing to survive in reasonable conditions. We now recognize that all humanity—the whole population of this planet—has in many respects become, through the revolutionary force of technological and other changes, a single society. The evolution of international law and international authority may well be decisive in determining whether this global society is going to survive in reasonable conditions.
In a larger perspective, we must work towards a time when war will cease to be an acceptable option of national policy or a possible means of settling disputes, and when a reliable international system will take its place. From this perspective, the development of international peace-keeping has an essential place, just as the concept of a civil police was essential to the development of rule of law within nation states. I hope that the attention now being given to peace-keeping, which is symbolized by the award of the Nobel Peace Prize, will not only strengthen our capacity to conduct the affairs of nations but also stimulate a wider effort to consider the new means and the new institutions needed to ensure a better common future. Thank you.
参考答案： * * 先生，各位使节，女士们，先生们：
首先我要再次感谢挪威诺贝尔奖委员会决定颁奖给联合国维持和平行动。他们的决定受到了全世界的欢迎。我还要借此机会向那些为维和行动派遣部队或提供后勤支援的国家表示深切的谢意。我们要把这种成功遏止冲突的伟大实验归功于他们的自愿合作。
和平，这个词唤起了对人性最朴素、最珍爱的梦想。和平现在是，而且始终是人类最热切的渴望。然而我们的历史却表明，当我们喋喋不休地谈论和平时，我们的行动却在讲述着完全不同的故事。和平在任何语言中都是一个很上口的词。作为联合国秘书长，我从不同的语言中和不同的地方经常听到它，以至于有时在我看来，这个词多多少少变成了没有真实意义的口头禅。
我们所说的和平到底意味着什么 依人性本来的样子，和平必定只是一种相对状态。生命的本质是斗争和竞争。在某种程度上，纯粹的和平几乎是毫无意义的抽象。斗争和竞争是激动人心的，但如果它发展成为冲突，常会具有毁灭性和扰乱性。建立联合国这类政治机构的目的就是要划定斗争和冲突的界线，使各国能站在正确的一边。维和行动就是达到这样日标的实际手段。
我们在联合国正努力建立的是这样一个世界：在那里，各国都认识到战争最终于事无补，同时世界各地的男男女女为确保人类的美好未来共同承担了集体责任。所有人类经验都表明，在国际事务中，正如在国内事务中，任何想在理性状态下生存的社会都会把法治作为至关重要的目标。我们现在认识到，在技术和其他革命性变革的推动下，整个人类，这个星球上的全部人口，已组成了一个单一的社会。国际法和国际权威的演变或许决定着这个全球社会能否在理性状态下生存。
从广泛的角度看，我们必须为这样的时刻而工作：到那时，战争将不再是一种可接受的国策选择或解决争端的可行手段；到那时，一个可靠的国际体系将会取而代之。由此看来，国际维和事业的发展占有至关重要的地位，正如民事警察对民族国家内部的法治建设占有至关重要的地位一样。我希望对维和事业给予的关注——其标志是此次诺贝尔奖的颁发——不仅能增强我们处理国际事务的能力，还将激发更加广泛的努力来思考：我们应采取什么样的新手段和建立什么样的新机构来创建我们更美好的未来。
解析：
本文是关于世界和平的演讲。文章深入探讨了世界和平问题，描述了未来工作的方向。本文要求应试者具有一定国际政治方面的专门知识，掌握某些国际机构的名称，这些知识构成考查应试者基本素质的内容，在较为短暂的时间内，应试者还需对复杂的长难句作出判断，使翻译不仅信息完整正确，还要基本符合汉语习惯。在此基础上，应试者还要对文中的某些单词或短语作出判断，使其翻译不仅正确还要符合上下文语境的需要。
[基本素质采分点]
1．excellency 使节
2．Norwegian Nobel Committee 挪威诺贝尔奖委员会
3．the United Nations Peace-Keeping Operation 联合国维持和平行动
4．Secretary-General (联合国) 秘书长
5．Nobel Peace Prize 诺贝尔和平奖
[结构理解采分点]
1．Human nature being what it is, peace must inevitably be a relative condition．
原句使用了分词独立主格结构，其中又含有what引导的表语从句，译文依照独立主格特点，将其仍按状语处理，但把表语从句译为前置定语。因此，原句可译为“依人性本来的样子，和平必定只是一种相对状态。”
2．The aim of political institutions like the UN is to draw the line between struggle and conflict and to make it possible for nations to stay on the right side of the line．
该句译文符合中文句子将修饰性成分前置的特点，且将原句拆分成相对简短的两个句子。因此，原句可译为“建立联合国这类政治机构的目的就是要划定斗争和冲突的界线，使各国能站在正确的一边。维和行动就是达到这样目标的实际手段。”
3．All human experience seems to show that in international, as in national, affairs, role of law is an essential objective for any society wishing to survive in reasonable conditions．
该句要求正确判断原文that从句中的主语是rule of law。该从句前半部分停顿较多，导致翻译时容易错误判断主语，因此有误译的可能。原句可译为“所有人类经验都表明，在国际事务中，正如在国内事务中，任何想在理性状态下生存的社会都会把法治作为至关重要的目标。”
4．In a larger perspective, we must work towards a time when war will cease to be an acceptable option of national policy or a po1ssible means of settling disputes, and when a reliable international system will take its place．
该句中含有when引导的定语从句，修饰其前的a time，翻译时可将主句和从句拆分为两句话，这样更符合汉语语言习惯。因此，原句可译为“从广泛的角度看，我们必须为这样的时刻而工作：到那时，战争将不再是一种可接受的国策选择或解决争端的可行手段；到那时，一个可靠的国际体系将会取而代之。”
5．I hope that the attention now being given to peace-keeping, which is symbolized by the award of the Nobel Peace Prize, will not only strengthen our capacity to conduct the affairs of nations but also stimulate a wider effort to consider the new means and the new institutions needed to ensure a better common future. Thank you．
该句是复合句，宾语部分是that从句，其内容是全句的重点翻译所在。该部分主要结构是the attention...will not only strengthen...but also stimulate...，只有把握住主要结构，才能正确理解各信息之间的关系。原句可译为“我希望对维和事业给予的关注——其标志是此次诺贝尔奖的颁发——不仅能增强我们处理国际事务的能力，还将激发更加广泛的努力来思考：我们应采取什么样的新手段和建立什么样的新机构来创建我们更美好的未来。”
[言语表达采分点]
1．acclaim 欢迎
2．take the opportunity to 利用这个机会……
3．provide logistical support 提供后勤支援
4．evoke 刺激，激励
5．ultimate human aspiration 人类最热切的渴望
6．tell a very different story 却远不是这么回事
7．incantation 符咒；口头禅
8．to the extent 到……程度
9．degenerate into 下降，堕落到……地步
10．ultimate futility 最终于事无补