细菌所需的营养物质有哪些？各有什么作用？

When the system upon which a transport entity is running fails and subsequently reatarts, the ______ information of all active connections is lost. The affected connections become half-open, as the side that did not fail does not yet realize the promble.
The still active side of a half-open connections using a ______ timer. This timermeasures the time transport machine will continue to await an ______ of a transmitted segment after the segment has been retransmitted the maximum number of times. When the timer ______, the transport entity assumes that either the other transport entity or the intervening network has failed. As a result, the timer closes the connection, and signals an abnormal close to the TS user.
In the event that a transport entity fails and quickly restart, half-open connections can be teminated more quickly by the use of the RST segment. The failed side returns an RST_i to every segment i that it receives. When the RST_i reaches the other side, it must be checked for validity dased on the ______ number i, as the RST could be in response to an old segment .If the reset is valid, the transport entity performs an abnormal termination.

A. abandon B. give-up C. quit D. connection