问题 问答题


某地铁项目全长1178.04m。其中车站长180.00m,区间长998.04m。车站结构为三拱两柱双层结构,采用暗挖法施工。车站共设四个出入口,其中西南、西北出入口设置在街角绿化带内,东北、东南出入口与规划中的某地产建筑物合建;车站南北两端各设置一条风道,风亭分别位于车站西南角和东北角,设有两个通风口,分别位于东北和西南位置,与车站两端头连接,施工期间作为车站的施工通道。
根据通风要求,在区间两端距车站30m左右各设有的两个面积15m2的迂回风道,总面积30m2;在隧道中间设运营期的联络通道并与排水泵房合建,施工期间兼作施工通道;另外,根据区间隧道人防段设置的暂行规定,设置双向防护密闭隔断门,防护段长9.9m。区问施工方法采用暗挖法施工,标准单线单洞断面采用台阶法施工,分别采用中隔壁法、侧壁导坑法等。明挖竖井采用喷混凝土格栅一内撑体系作为围护结构。
[问题]

简述施工期振动对环境的影响以及相应的环保措施。

答案

参考答案:

解析:施工过程中的振动主要来源于各种施工机械。主要设备振动源强及其随距离的衰减,除打桩作业外,距一般施工机械10m处的振动水平为74~82dB,30m处的振动水平64~76dB,所以30m以外的混合区、商业区和交通干线两侧均能达到昼间75dB的要求,40m以外能够达到居民、文教区昼间70dB的要求。因此一般施工作业不会产生大的振动影响。 相应的环保措施有: (1)严格按照有关的建筑物保护设计规范、标准,结合本地区地质及建筑物实际状况进行施工; (2)合理布局施工现场; (3)施工车辆,特别是重型运输车辆的运行途径,应尽量避开振动敏感区域; (4)科学管理和文明施工,除非必须连续作业的设备外,禁止夜间施工。

完形填空
完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从41~60各题所给的四个选项(A.B.C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
Jack Baines is a self-made millionaire, but his beginnings were very lowly. He was the youngest of eight children. His father had a  41  in a cotton mill (纱厂), but he was often  42  to work because of poor health. The family couldn’t  43  to pay the rent or bills, and the children often went  44 . After leaving school at the age of 14, Jack was  45  what to do when Mr Walker, his old teacher, offered to lend him £100 to start his own 46 .
It was just after the war. Raw materials were not enough, and Jack saw a  47 in scrap metal(废弃金属). He bought bits of metal and stored it in an old garage. When he had built up a large amount, he sold it and  48  plenty of money. Jack  49  working hard. After one year he succeeded in  50  the £100.
  By the time Jack was 30 years old he had  51  his first million, and he wanted to  52  this achievement by doing something “ 53 ”. With all his money it was  54  to build a beautiful home for himself and his parents. In 1959, “Baines Castle” was built in the  55  of the Lancashire countryside. It was one of the finest buildings in the country.
   Jack has recently sold “Baines Castle” for £500 million,  56  Jack still can’t get used to  57  the good life. He can  58  be found drinking with the locals at the local pub(酒吧).
“I remember being very  59  as a child, but never  60  as a child,” says Jack, “and I will never forget where I came from and who I am.”
小题1:
A.job
B.work
C.company
D.house
小题2:
A.able
B.glad
C.unable
D.eager
小题3:
A.offer
B.like
C.expect
D.afford
小题4:
A.wrong
B.hungry
C.ill
D.bad
小题5:
A.seeing
B.wondering
C.doubting
D.preparing
小题6:
A.school
B.farm
C.business
D.store
小题7:
A.problem
B.purpose
C.future
D.principle
小题8:
A.spent
B.borrowed
C.wasted
D.earned
小题9:
A.enjoyed
B.preferred
C.promised
D.hated
小题10:
A.developing
B.saving
C.repaying
D.paying
小题11:
A.given
B.made
C.taken
D.lost
小题12:
A.remember
B.honor
C.celebrate
D.recognize
小题13:
A.common
B.simple
C.interesting
D.great
小题14:
A.impossible
B.possible
C.obvious
D.basic
小题15:
A.ground
B.front
C.spot
D.heart
小题16:
A.so
B.and
C.or
D.but
小题17:
A.using
B.sparing
C.living
D.keeping
小题18:
A.often
B.never
C.sometimes
D.seldom
小题19:
A.rich
B.poor
C.healthy
D.well
小题20:
A.proud
B.satisfied
C.unhappy
D.happy
 
单项选择题 B型题