问题 问答题

试述软件开发工具的项目管理功能。

答案

参考答案:项目管理功能更明确地是为项目管理人员提供支持,而不是为程序员提供支持。一般来说,项目管理包括进度管理、资源与费用管理、质量管理三个基本内容,在这方面项目管理已有不少成功的经验、方法与软件工具。对于软件项目来说,还有两个比较特殊的问题。首先是测试工作方面的支持,由于软件的质量比较难以测定,所以不仅需要根据设计任务书提出测试方案,还需要提供相应的测试环境与测试数据。人们很自然地希望软件开发工具能够在这些方面提供帮助。其次是版本管理问题。当软件规模比较大的时候,版本的更新、各模块之间以及模块与使用说明之间的一致性、向外提供的版本的控制等,都带来一系列十分复杂的版本管理问题。如果软件开发工具能够在这些方面给予支持或帮助,无疑将有利于软件开发工作的进步。

单项选择题
阅读理解

The US government has started a website, Admongo, to help children think critically about the advertising aimed at them. It claims to provide visitors with an “aducation” through games and other entertainment.

A cartoon man dressed in old time pilot clothing greets visitors to Admongo. "Call me Haiz", he says upon arrival in a rocket ship that opens up with a crazy world inside it. Spacey dance music plays in the background as Haiz tells visitors that they need to learn about advertising.

Its inventors say eight to twelve years old is the age kids develop their critical thinking abilities. Kids that age are also a big market for advertisers.

The idea behind Admongo is to teach children three things: To identify the advertiser. To know what the advertiser is really saying. And to know what the advertisement is trying to get the child to do.

Children learn these things through a video game. They create their own game character. They can choose different skin colors, hair styles, eye and mouth shapes. Then they begin a trip through ad-land, where there are ads on buses and billboards. The players have to find all the marketing in the neighborhood before they can move on to the next level.

The Admongo game takes players inside a home, to the advertising studio and everywhere else ads can be found. It is a complete exploration of the world of marketing.

One such area is food marketing. The Federal Trade Commission(FTC) says it is a big business. The FTC estimates that food, drink and fast-food restaurants spent more than one and a half billion dollars on advertising to young people in 2009.

The FTC says children are important for three reasons. They buy products. They influence parents and caregivers to buy. And they are the future adult buyers of the products.

A recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value. First Lady Michelle Obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children.

小题1:What is the best title of the text?

A.The guide of Admongo

B.An education website for children

C.A popular online video game

D.A website aimed at children小题2:Why did the government start the website?

A.To attract the biggest market of buyers.

B.To sell the products of its company.

C.To help children know about advertising.

D.To advertise the video game for children.小题3:What can players do in the website game?

A.Choose hair styles for their character.

B.Travel to a supermarket.

C.Eat in a fast-food restaurant.

D.Play video games during the trip.小题4:Children are important for advertising because they are        .

A.important for the society

B.the most potential buyers

C.easily influenced by ads

D.easily affected by poor products小题5:According to Michelle Obama, lots of food advertised for children are ________.

A.healthy

B.of high nutrition

C.yummy

D.of low quality