问题 单项选择题

患者,男性,25岁。1个月来无原因出现下肢出血点和瘀斑,伴牙龈出血,化验Hb128g/L,WBC6.5×109/L,Plt18×109/L临床考虑为特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)。

欲切脾治疗,下列属于禁忌证的是

A.正规糖皮质激素治疗3~6个月无效
B.泼尼松每日维持量大
C.年龄<7岁
D.有糖皮质激素使用禁忌证
E.51Cr扫描脾区放射指数增高

答案

参考答案:C

判断题
单项选择题

Social control refers to social processes, planned or unplanned, by which people are taught, persuaded, or forced to conform to norms. In every society, some punishments or negative sanctions are established for deviant behavior. Without deviant behavior there would not be need for social control and without social control there would not be a way of recognizing the boundary between the acceptable and the unacceptable.

Social control may be either formal or informal. Informal mechanisms include expressions of disapproval by significant others and withholding of positive rewards for disapproved behavior. Most people internalize norms in the course of socialization. This is any group’s most powerful protection against deviance, in that the individual’s own conscience operates as an agent of social control. When informal sanctions fail, formal agents of social control may be called upon. In contemporary society, such formal agents and agencies include psychiatry and other mental health professions; mental hospitals; police and courts of law; prisons; and social welfare agencies. All these formal agents function to limit, correct, and control violation of norms. Conflict theorists would also point out that social control agents and systems tend, in any society, to serve the interests of powerful groups and to enforce the norms most beneficial to those who make the rules and who, therefore, define unacceptable behavior.

Social control, whether formal or informal, has a dual function. First, it punishes the wrongdoer and reaff’irms the boundaries of acceptable behavior. Second, and less recognized, it regulates the manner in which deviants are treated.

The perspective from which the author discusses social control is ().

A. biological

B. sociological

C. psychological

D. anthropological