问题 问答题


2010年12月22日18时15分,某炼油厂油品分厂罐区发生爆炸,引起310号油罐燃烧,造成2人死亡,直接经济损失约39万元。
事故当日13时许,某炼油厂油品分厂半成品车间工人黄某在当班期间,发现310号油罐油面高度已达14.21m,接近警戒高度14.30m,黄某马上向该厂总调度进行了报告,并向总调度请示310号油罐汽油调和量。根据总调度的指示,黄某进入罐区将油切换至304号油罐。13时30分许,黄某在给310号油罐作汽油调和流程准备时,本应打开310号罐D400出口阀门,却误开了311号油罐D400出口阀门。15时许,黄某开启11A号泵欲对310号油罐进行自循环调和,由于错开了311号D400出口阀门,实际上此时310号油罐不是在自循环,而是将311号罐中的汽油抽入310号油罐。15时40分,仪表工陈某某从计算机显示屏上发现310号油罐油面不断上升,随后计算机开始“高位报警”,陈当即让黄某到罐区去核实一下310号罐的油面高度,黄某却误认为是计算机不准确,没去核实也未采取其他措施。16时,在交班时违反规定,没有在油罐现场进行交接班,也未核实油罐流程。17时50分,310号油罐的汽油开始外冒,部分汽油挥发,在空气中形成爆炸性混合气体。18时15分,某单位职工吕某驾驶手扶拖拉机路过罐区11号路时,排气管排出的火星遇空气中的爆炸混合气体发生起火爆炸,导致吕某当场死亡,另一工人被严重烧伤抢救无效死亡。310号油罐当即燃烧,持续17小时后被扑灭。
根据以上场景,回答下列问题:

试分析该罐区具有哪些危险因素,并指出防止危险因素演变为事故的控制措施有哪些

答案

参考答案:

解析:该罐区具有的危险因素是火灾、爆炸、高处坠落、车辆伤害、中毒等。 预防火灾爆炸事故的措施是: (1)控制点火源。 ①罐区禁止明火; ②汽车进入站区要带熄火器,有接地铁链; ③维修时使用铜制工具、不穿带钉的鞋子; ④使用防爆电气设备,防止电气火花; ⑤设置避雷装置、静电接地装置。 (2)防止生产爆炸性混合气体。 ①防止汽油泄漏; ②储罐应有呼吸器,有汽油蒸汽浓度检测器; (3)建立消防设施、配备消防器材;储罐区和办公楼、变电站安全距离符合要求。 预防车辆伤害、高处坠落事故的措施: ①厂区应有车辆限速标志; ②车辆不允许搭乘无关人员; ③人员可达的高处应有护栏,没有护栏作业时应佩戴安全带; ④雨雪天登高作业注意防滑。 预防中毒事故的措施: ①防止汽油泄漏; ②设置汽油蒸汽浓度检测器; ③个人配备保护器具。

单项选择题
阅读理解

A small town in southwest Britain is banning(禁止) plastic bags in an attempt to help the environment and cut waste—a step that environmentalists believe is a first for Europe.

Shopkeepers in Modbury population 1500,agreed to stop handing out disposable plastic bags to customers on Saturday.They said paper sacks and cloth carrier bags would be offered instead.

Last month,San Franciso became the first U.S. city to ban plastic grocery bags.Internationally,laws to discourage the use of plastic bags have been passed in parts of South Africa and Ireland,where governments either tax shoppers who use them or fine companies that hand them out.Bangladesh already bans them,and so do at least 30 remote Alaskan villages.

Modbury,about 225 miles southwest of London,has also declared a bag amnesty(宽限期),allowing local people to hand in plastic bags that have piled up at home.They will be sent for traveling.

The Modbury ban was the idea of Rebecca Hosking,who saw the effect of bags on marine life while working in the Pacific as a wildlife camerawoman.She said response(反应) in the town so far had been “really positive”.

“Modbury is quite an old-fashioned town and a lot of people have wicker baskets to go out shopping anyway,”Hosking told Sky News Television.

The Worldwatch Institute,an environmental research agency,states that 100 billion plastic bags are thrown away each year in the United States alone.More than 500 billion are used yearly around the world.

小题1:What was Rebecca Hosking?

A.A lawyer.

B.An environmentalist.

C.A sailor.

D.A photographer.小题2:The underlined word “disposable” in the passage probably means _______.

A.acceptable

B.valuable

C.throw-away

D.long-lasting小题3:It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A.most of the people in Modbury continue to use plastic bags

B.fewer and fewer plastic bags will be used in the world

C.San Francisco is the first city to ban plastic bags in the world

D.most countries in the world have passed laws to ban plastic bags小题4:Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?

A.Environmental Protection

B.Big Cities Banning Plastic Bags

C.Effect of Plastic Bags on Sea Animals

D.British Town Banning Plastic Bags