问题 问答题 简答题

简述产业市场与消费者市场的异同。

答案

参考答案:

在某些方面,产业市场与消费者市场具有相似性,二者都有人为满足某种需要而担当购买者角色,制定购买决策等。然而,产业市场在市场结构与需求、购买单位性质、决策类型与决策过程及其他各方面,又与消费者市场有着明显差异。

(1)产业市场购买者的数量少,购买规模大。

(2)产业市场上的购买者往往集中在少数地区。

(3)产业市场的需求是引致需求。

(4)产业市场的需求是缺乏弹性的需求。

(5)产业市场的需求是波动的需求。

(6)产业市场是专业人员够买。

(7)产业市场购买影响购买的人多。

(8)产业市场经常是直接购买。

(9)产业市场需进行多次的销售访问。

(10)产业市场很多都是互相购买。

(11)产业购买者往往通过租赁方式取得产业用品。

判断题
阅读理解

A famous American John Muir said in 1898: “The Grand Canyon… as unearthly (神秘的) in the color and grandeur (壮观) of its architecture as if you had found it after death on some other star.” Like Muir, those of us who stand along the rim are prompted to wonder about the unearthliness and the forces that created and are still changing this place.

After more than 100 years of studies, many things are still mysterious. Today visitors come by the thousands -- the great and simple of the earth -- all in a spirit of wonder. Travelers come from every state of the Union, from every country in Europe and Asia.

From the depths of the canyon comes welling silence. Seldom can you hear the roar of the river, for all sounds are swallowed in this gulf of space. “It makes one want to murmur.” A woman once whispered to her companion. This silence is not the silence of death; rather, it is a presence. It is like a great piece of music. But music made of man works up to a climax (高潮) and stops.

Now, visitors to the South Rim alone may number 18,000 in a single day. Some of that number will travel by mule train down Bright Angel Trail to the canyon's floor, cross the raging river by a suspension bridge (吊桥) and walk to the North Rim. Though the two rims face each other across only 12 miles, it is a journey of 214 miles by car from one to the other. Nor can you visit the North Rim except in summer; some 1,200 feet higher than the South Rim, it is snow covered much of the year except in July and August.

But there is no day that you may not visit the South Rim and find the sun warm on your face and the air perfumed with the incense (香气) of smoke from an Indian hearth (香炉). No wonder an American writer and journalist said, “I came here an atheist (无神论者), and departed a devout (虔诚的)believer.”

小题1:What is it that attracts so many travelers to the Canyon?

A.The unearthliness and the grandeur of its architecture.

B.The presence of American super stars.

C.The saying made by American writers and journalists.

D.The roaring of the river in the Canyon.小题2:What does the underlined word “simple” refer to?

A.peaceful stream

B.land surface

C.common people

D.tamed animals小题3:If you want to visit the North Rim from the South Rim, which of the following won’t be the way of traveling for you?

A.By train.

B.By animal.

C.By car.

D.On foot.小题4: The last sentence “I came here an atheist, and departed a devout believer.” implies that ______.

A.natural wonders such as the Canyon have some effect on human activities

B.all visitors to the Grand Canyon are God believers

C.atheist can’t see the magnificence of the Grand Canyon

D.the Grand Canyon is an unearthly sight that only God could create