问题 问答题

什么是信息信息与消息、数据、信号有什么联系和区别

答案

参考答案:信息通常是指对人有用的消息。世间一切事物都在运动,都具有一定的运动状态,这些运动状态都按某种运动方式发生变化,因而都产生信息。
信息不等同于消息。信息经过编码(符号化)成为消息,才能经媒介传播,消息的接收者收到消息后通过译码才能获取其中的信息;信息是具体的,消息的内涵是信息,信息是包含在消息中的抽象量。
数据是对客观实体的一种描述,是信息的载体。数据是未加工的信息,数据经过加工就成为信息。
对消息进行加工处理,把消息变换成适合信道传输的物理量,这种物理量就是信号。

阅读理解

Have you ever taken part in a marathon? A marathon is 42km long. It is the longest race in the world. To make the runner’s body work, harder training(训练) is quite necessary. A runner should start to prepare for a marathon at least three months before. Many hours of running at different speeds(速度) and the changes in diet are necessary in the training.

Two weeks before the marathon, the training programme becomes less, from 100km per week down to 60km and then to 30km in the final week. On the last two days they may not run at all.

Breakfast should be eaten at least three hours before the race. Easily digested (消化) food such as cereal (麦), toast (烤面包) and scrambled (捣碎) egg is best, with as much fluid (液体) as possible. Runners should drink water about half an hour before the race to keep up the body fluid.

小题1: A marathon runner should begin his training___________.

A.a month before the race.

B.a week before the race.

C.three or four months before the race.

D.a year before the race.小题2: Runners have to run ________ km. in a marathon race.

A.100

B.60

C.30

D.42小题3: It’s necessary for the players to have______________in the training.

A.training at different speeds and changes in diet.

B.little water.

C.lessons before the race.

D.too much meat.小题4: Players shouldn’t run _______________.

A.two weeks before the marathon

B.three months before the marathon

C.two days before the marathon

D.in the final week小题5: What should a runner have for his breakfast on the day of the race?

A.A big meal.

B.A light(清淡的) meal.

C.Lots of meat.

D.Oily(油性的) food.

单项选择题