问题 问答题

试述增强科技自主创新能力的主要措施及增强自主创新能力的主要意义。

答案

参考答案:

解析:(1)增强我国科技自主创新能力的主要措施包括:①加快建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系;②改善技术创新的市场环境,加快发展创业风险投资,加强技术咨询、技术转让等中介服务;③实行支持自主创新的财税、金融和政府采购等政策,完善自主创新的激励机制;④利用好全球科技资源,继续引进国外先进技术,积极参与国际科技交流与合作;⑤加强知识产权保护,这是需要特别强调的问题,要建立健全知识产权保护体系,加大保护知识产权的执法力度。 (2)十七大报告指出,提高自主创新能力,建设创新型国家,是国家发展战略的核心,是提高综合国力的关键。一方面,科技自主创新直接关系到国家的综合实力、国际地位和国际竞争力。只有科技创新取得优势,才能在发展中掌握主动权,才能实现综合国力的跨越式发展,才能在国际竞争中取得有利地位。另一方面,我国是一个发展中的大国,不可能靠引进成为科技强国,引进只是手段,创新才有出路。

阅读理解

阅读短文,回答问题。

     Most people do not like to think about disasters (灾难), so they do not prepare for them. This is a

deadly mistake. Whether you can be alive or not is decided by preparation. Here are somc tips that could

savc your life.

     1. Getting through the first hour 

      Choose an out-of-town person that each family member can call after the disaster if you become

alone. Besides, choose two nearby places where family members know to meet. One should be close to

your home. The other should be outside your neighborhood. Keep your important papers at the bank or

another safe place.

     Leave a disaster-supply kit (一套装备) (see Part 5) near the front door. Make sure you keep it filled

with fresh food and water. 

      If you are advised to move to the safe place, leave the area right away.

     2. The disaster-ready home

     You may have some time to prepare before certain types of disasters. Take hurricanes (飓风) as an

example. 

      Bring in anything that could fly around or blow away.

      Prepare your car for leaving.

      Fill bottles with drinking water.

      Keep your radio on for weather information.

     3. The safest places 

      Hurricane: stay in an inside space with no windows. Glass could break and hurt you.

      Earthquake (地震): get under the nearest heavy desk or table. This will protect you from falling

things.

     4. Preparing for the worst- do this now!

     Hurricane: during the hurricane season, keep a two-week supply of drugs. Have wood and nails

(钉子) ready to cover windows.

     Earthquake: move beds away from windows, heavy pictures or mirrors. Place large and/or heavy

objects on lower shelves. Learn how to shut off the electricity and water.

     5. Your disaster-supply kit 

     First-aid (急救用的) kit and drugs; spare clothes; a radio; car keys; important phone numbers.

1. Should you leave when you are asked to move?

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2. What do you know is a deadly mistake from the passage?

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3. Why should you keep your radio on before certain types of disasters?

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4. Where can you stay to keep safe when hurricanes happen?

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5. What can you do to prepare for the earthquake according to the passage? (At least 3 points.)

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