问题 单项选择题

影响文件系统可靠性的因素之一是文件系统的一致性问题,如果读取 (22) 的某磁盘块,修改后在写回磁盘前系统崩溃,则对系统的影响相对较大。通常的解决方案是采用文件系统的一致性检查,一致性检查包括块的一致性检查和文件的一致性检查。在块的一致性检查时,检测程序构造一张表,表中为每个块设立两个计数器,一个跟踪该块在文件中出现的次数,一个跟踪该块在空闲表中出现的次数。若系统有16个块,检测程序通过检测发现表 (23) 状态下的文件系统是一致的。

答案

参考答案:B

解析:

[分析]: 影响文件系统可靠性的因素之一是文件系统的一致性问题,如果读取系统目录文件的某磁盘块,修改后在写回磁盘前系统崩溃,则对系统的影响相对较大。因为很多文件系统是先读取磁盘块到主存,在主存进行修改,然后写回磁盘。但如果读取某磁盘块,修改后在将信息写回磁盘前系统崩溃,则文件系统就可能会出现不一致性状态。如果这些未被写回的磁盘块是系统目录文件,如索引节点块、目录块或空闲管理块等,那么后果是很严重的。
通常的解决方案是采用文件系统的一致性检查,一致性检查包括块的一致性检查和文件的一致性检查。在块的一致性检查时,检测程序构造一张表,表中为每个块设立两个计数器,一个跟踪该块在文件中出现的次数,一个跟踪该块在空闲表中出现的次数。
若系统有16个块,当进行文件的一致性检查时发现,选项A的第3块在计数器l中为0,这意味着没有文件使用这个块,但在计数器2中也为0,这意味着这个块不空闲。因此,文件系统进行一致性检查时发现出了问题。选项C的第6块在计数器1中为3,说明这个块被重复分配了3次,因此文件系统进行一致性检查时发现出了问题。选项D的第8块在计数器2中为2,说明这个块被重复释放了2次,因此文件系统进行一致性检查时发现出了问题。选项B的某些块在计数器1中为1,在计数器2为0;而其他块在计数器1中为0,在计数器2中为1。这说明文件系统的一致性检查是正确的。

单项选择题
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