问题 问答题 简答题

冷换设备的布置一般要求是什么?

答案

参考答案:

(1)与分馏塔关联的管壳式冷换设备,如塔底重沸器,塔顶冷凝冷却器等,宜按工艺流程顺序布置在分馏塔的附近;

(2)两种物料进行热交换的换热器,宜布置在两种物料进出口相连的管道最短的位置;

(3)一种物料如需要连续经过多个换热器进行热交换时,宜成组布置;

(4)用水或冷剂冷却几组不同物料的冷却器,宜成组布置;

(5)成组布置的冷换设备,宜取支座基础中心线对齐,当支座间距不相同时,宜取一端支座中心线对齐。这了管道连接方便,也可采用管程进出口管嘴中心线对齐;

(6)冷换设备应尽可能布置在地面上,但是冷换数量较多可布置在框架上;

1)浮头式换热器在地面上布置时,应满足下列要求:

①浮头和管箱的两侧应有宽度不小于0.6m的空地,浮头端前方应有宽度不小于1.2m的空地;

②管箱前方从管箱端算起应留有比管束长度至少长0.6m的空地。

2)浮头式换热器在框架上布置时,应满足下列要求:

①浮头端前方平台净空不宜小于0.8m;

②管箱端前方平台净空不宜小于1m,平台采用可拆卸式栏杆,并应考虑管束抽出区所需的空间。

③框架高度应能满足换热器的管箱和浮头的头盖吊装需要。

(7)为了节约占地或工艺操作方便可以将两台冷换设备重叠在一起布置。但对于两相流介质或壳体直径大于等于1.2m的换热器不宜重叠布置;

(8)操作温度超过物料自燃点的换热设备不宜布置在框架内的底层;

(9)重质油品或污染环境的物料的冷换设备不宜布置在框架上;

(10)可燃液体的换热器操作温度高于其自燃点或超过250℃时,如无楼板或平台隔开,其上方不应布置其它设备。

多项选择题
完形填空
完形填空。
     Begin doing the work you love as soon as possible, even if you don't get paid for it, or if you can
only work at it   1  . Albert Einstein was   2  to get a job as a physics professor. He could have said to
himself, "Well, I just don't have the work relative to   3  . I should give up on it and settle for something
else."  4  , he wrote the two most famous papers while    5 as a patent office worker. After their   6  ,
there was not any major    7 in the world that would not have wanted him to work for them.
     If you want to work as an artist and are   8 as a waiter, don't think of yourself as a waiter who    9  
one day to become an artist. That puts the 10 you love somewhere off in the distant future. Rather, think
yourself as    11 , supporting yourself by waiting tables and paint, or draw as much as you can. It is   12  
to earn a living wage as a waiter working 24 hours a week. That  13 plenty of time to devote to training
or developing your craft (手艺)  in the 14  hours.
     While you are seeking the work you love, 15   helps to expand your awareness into the universe of
all possibilities. You don't want to be   16   the ideas of what you should do or what you have done before. Having opened to    17   the possibilities, you can make a final   18 and select the work you love as your
own.
     Doing the work you love 19 that you be equally comfortable with the imaginative and the   20 . It
requires the ability to dream big dreams and the ability to face and master all the little details that make
dreams come true.
( )1. A. full-time  
( )2. A. unable      
( )3. A. science     
( )4. A. So         
( )5. A. employed   
( )6. A. publication
( )7. A. city        
( )8. A. known          
( )9. A. thinks      
( )10. A. man        
( )11. A. an artist  
( )12. A. impossible   
( )13. A. sends    
( )14. A. on         
( )15. A. it        
( )16. A. interested in
( )17. A. no         
( )18. A. decision      
( )19. A. suggests  
( )20. A. necessary
B. hard      
B. able       
B. maths     
B. Instead  
B. regarded
B. discoveries  
B. factory  
B. making a living
B. imagines   
B. woman    
B. a waiter   
B. possible   
B. spares  
B. office  
B. which     
B. devoted to  
B. all      
B. plan       
B. requires
B. practical
C. easily  
C. unwilling  
C. physics    
C. Therefore  
C. worked      
C. successes      
C. university    
C. leading a life
C. hopes       
C. person      
C. a waitress  
C. important  
C. leaves    
C. business  
C. that        
C. limited to    
C. few         
C. conclusion
C. insists    
C. careful    
D. part-time  
D. anxious    
D. money      
D. And        
D. recognized  
D. papers      
D. company    
D. chosen      
D. decides    
D. work        
D. a painter  
D. lucky      
D. takes      
D. off        
D. this        
D. troubled by.
D. both        
D. judge      
D. encourages  
D. honest