问题 问答题

四、
中国诗中的佳句有好些对于我是若即若离的。风晨雨夕,热闹场,苦恼场,它们常是我的佳侣。我常常嘴里在和人说应酬话,心里还在玩味陶渊明或是李长吉的诗句。它们是那么亲切,又是那么辽远!钱起的“曲终人不见,江上数峰青”两句对我也是如此,它在我心里往返起伏也足有廿多年了,许多迷梦都醒了过来,只有它还是那么清新可爱。
我爱这两句诗,多少是因为它对于我启示了一种哲学的意蕴。“曲终人不见”所表现的是消逝,“江上数峰青”所表现的是永恒。可爱的乐声和奏乐者虽然消逝了,而青山却巍然如旧,永远可以让我们把心情寄托在它上面。曲终了,人去了,但是,人和曲果真消逝了么青山永在,瑟声和鼓瑟的人也就永在了。
玩味一首诗,最要紧的是抓住它的情趣。有些诗的情趣是一见就能了然的,有些诗的情趣却迷茫隐约,不易捉摸。本来是愁苦,我们可以误认为快乐;本来是快乐,我们也可以误认为愁苦;本来是诙谐,我们可以误认为沉痛;本来是沉痛,我们也可以误认为诙谐。我们从前读“曲终人不见,江上数峰青”,以为它表现的是一种凄凉寂寞的情感,所以把它拿来和“相思黄叶落,白露点青苔”,“可堪孤馆闭春寒,杜鹃声里斜阳暮”诸例相比。现在我觉得这是大错:如果把这两句诗看成表现凄凉寂寞的情感,那就根本没有见到它的佳妙了,艺术的最高境界都不在热烈。就诗人之所以为诗人而论,热烈的欢喜或热烈的愁苦也许比常人所感到的更加热烈。就诗人之所以为诗人而论,热烈的欢喜或热烈的愁苦也经过诗表现出来以后,都好比黄酒经过长久年代储藏,失去它的辣性,只剩一味醇朴。我在别的文章里曾经说过这一段话:“懂得这个道理,我们可以明白古希腊人何以把和平静穆看做诗的极境,把诗神阿波罗摆在蔚蓝的山巅,俯瞰众生扰攘,而眉宇间却常如作甜蜜梦,不露一丝被扰动的神色。”这里所谓“静穆(serenity)”自然只是一种最高理想,不是在一般诗里能够找得到的,古希腊-尤其是古希腊的造型艺术-常使我们觉得这种“静穆”的风味。“静穆”是一种豁然大悟,是一种得到归依的心情,它好比低眉默想的观音大士,超越一切忧喜,同时你也可说它泯化一切忧喜。这种境界在中国诗里不多见。屈原、阮籍、李白、杜甫都不免有些像金刚怒目,愤愤不平的样子,陶潜浑身是“静穆”,所以他伟大。如果在“曲终人不见,江上数峰青”两句诗中见出“消逝之中有永恒”的道理,它所表现的情感就决不只是凄凉寂寞,就只有“静穆”可形容了:凄凉寂寞的意味固然也还在那里,但是尤其要紧的是那一片得到归依似的愉悦,这两种貌似相反的情趣都沉没在“静穆”的风味里。

第三段画线语句中的“辣性”喻指__________;
“醇朴”喻指__________;画线的语句在文中的含义是__________。

答案

参考答案:

解析:辣性:诗人提笔前所有的热烈的欢喜的或愁苦的感情。醇朴:和平静穆的境界。含义:诗人写诗,最初感情强烈,而最终其作品能归于静穆。或“艺术”的最高境界都不在热烈。

完形填空
A little boy invited his mother to attend his school’s first teacher-parent meeting. To the little boy’s disappointment(失望), she said she would go. This would be the  16  time that his classmates and teacher met his mother and he  17  lose his face because of her appearance. Although she was a  18  woman, there was a scar(疤痕) that covered nearly the whole right side of her face. The boy never wanted to  19  why or how she got the scar.
At the meeting, the people were   20  by the kindness and natural beauty of his mother even though she had the scar on her face, but the little boy was still embarrassed(尴尬) and hid himself from everyone.   21 , he happened to hear of a talk between his mother and his teacher.
The teacher asked  22 , “How did you get the scar on your face?”
The mother replied, “When my son was a baby, he was in a room that caught fire. 23 was too afraid to go in because the fire was  24 , so I went in.    25 I was running toward his bed, I saw a long piece of wood  26 and I placed myself over him trying to protect him. I was knocked senseless(失去知觉) but luckily, a fireman came in and saved both of us.” She  27 the burned side of her face. “This scar will be there forever, but to this day, I have never  28 what I did.”
At this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with  29 in his eyes. He held her in his arms and felt a great sense of the sacrifice(牺牲) that his mother had made for him. He held her hand  30  for the rest of the day.
小题1:
A.first B.second C.last D.next
小题2:
A.can B.should C.would D.need
小题3:
A.slim B.short C.ugly D.beautiful
小题4:
A.talk aboutB.argue aboutC.worry aboutD.hear about
小题5:
A.frightenedB.attracted C.worried D.excited
小题6:
A.Therefore B.OtherwiseC.However D.Then
小题7:
A.excitedly B.seriously C.nervously D.anxiously
小题8:
A.Everyone B.No one C.Nobody D.Someone
小题9:
A.out of controlB.under controlC.in control D.over control
小题10:
A.If B.Though C.Because D.As
小题11:
A.sitting down B.lying down C.falling downD.turning down
小题12:
A.pointed B.showed C.hit D.touched
小题13:
A.forgot B.realized C.considered D.regretted
小题14:
A.tears B.smile C.sunshine D.sadness
小题15:
A.hardly B.slightly C.tightly D.suddenly
选择题