问题 问答题

这是重庆一中学由学生剃头发事件而不让其上课的材料。 刘某是一初中二年级的学生,他特喜欢罗纳尔多,把头发剃成足球样式形状,第二天便来学校上课,刚走进教室,被老师看见,老师便对他说:“你的发式太怪了,把头发再去剪剪,恢复正常了再来上课,顺便让你爸爸妈妈来学校一趟。”刘某回家后,将这件事告知家人,第二天他的外婆便一起来学校,学校老师要求刘某剪掉头发,并不准许他上课。外婆带他去将头发剪成光头,第三天又来学校,没想到学校老师却说哪有学生光头来上课的,依然不允许其上课,外婆只好找校方领导,校方说不准许其上课。家长说:“可否戴帽子上课。”校方说:“不行,等头发长长了再来上课。”家长为让刘某学习,找到教育局领导反映情况,教育局要求准许刘某上课,并且在校期间(要遵守学校纪律)要真正认识到自己的错误。学校收到教育局通知后,(对刘某家长说)以刘某光头损坏学校形象为由不允许刘某上课。 运用相关的教育法规及你所掌握的教育学原理回答:学校这样做是否合理,为什么

答案

参考答案:

解析:1.从法律的角度说,义务教育法中明确规定,享受九年义务教育是学生们的权利,任何人无权剥夺。因此,对品行有缺点的学生,教师应当耐心地教育、帮助,不得歧视。学校对未成年学生包括那些犯了错误的学生,只有“教育权”,而无抛弃、勒令离校、限制上课等“处罚权”。 2.从情理的角度说,十四岁学生的特点决定了他们对于事物认识的不完善、不深刻,明辨是非的能力不够强。基于这样的身心特点,犯错误、违反校规校纪是在情理之中的。如果学校都以开除、限制学生上课等简单的方式处罚学生的话,那么,教育既无艺术,也无科学可言了。虽说教育不是万能的,但学校未经尝试其他教育方法便急于处罚学生,显然不合情理。 3.学校随意处罚学生,甚至将违反纪律的学生驱逐出校园,推向社会,是对社会、学生的一种不负责任。学校作为专门教育机构应当承担起教育责任。何况,对于学生的错误,学校领导和教师也有一定的责任。

问答题 论述题
单项选择题

Brazil has become one of the developing world’s great successes at reducing population growth—but more by accident that design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.

Brazil’s population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.

Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas (通俗电视连续剧) and instalment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil’s most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.

"Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working," says Martine. "They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package. "

Meanwhile, the instalment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. "This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction. " says Martine.

The phrase "puts it down to" (Line 1, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to "()".

A. attributes it to

B. sums it up as

C. finds it a reason for

D. compares it to