问题 问答题

以中国入世为契机,丰田和本田等日本的汽车厂家积极强化其在中国的生产体制,对华投资的势头有增无减。按理说,中国加入WTO以后,由于其进口关税将大幅度下调,当地生产的优势逐渐淡化,因而海外向中国出口应变得更为有利。然而,日资企业的对华战略却越来越向当地生产倾斜。 迄今为止,针对外国汽车厂家,中国采取的政策是以开放“市场”为交换,引进海外的先进“技术”。即对进口车设定高关税的同时,允许在国内市场上销售,以此来鼓励外资企业在当地生产。外资汽车厂家想要从外部向中国出口,就会碰到高关税的壁垒,但若进入内部在当地生产,反过来又会受到高关税的保护。比如,日本的厂家向中国出口国内生产的价值100万日元的汽车,加征100%的关税以后,就必须以200万日元的价格在当地销售。但是,德国大众和美国通用等竞争对手都已经在当地生产,显然,以这样的高价格在中国市场是难以畅销的。 但是,加入WTO以后,中国将逐步修改迄今实行的贸易相关政策。汽车领域在2006年之前,整车关税将由现在的80—100%下调至25%,进口数量的限制也将被废除。受此影响,向中国直接出口整车可能比当地生产更为便宜。一旦选择以出口方式进入中国市场,由于无需建设工厂,因此对中国的投资可以集中地投向销售网和售后服务的完善以及研发设施的建设,以改良产品,适销当地市场需求。 中国的汽车产业拥有许多劣势,不能因为当地工资水平很低,就认为生产成本也很低。日资厂家若以技术和资金实力为后盾在中国生产汽车,这些劣势多少会有所淡化,但是当关税下降到25%的时候,能否与进口车展开竞争,尚存疑问。 对此,当前汽车行业的普遍看法认为要在中国的市场上销售产品,无论是为了提高品牌形象还是为了对应消费者的需求,都需要在当地制造。但是,没有一名顾客是先看了工厂再去购车。实际上,欧洲汽车厂家不断增加在日本市场上的份额,但没有一家在日本进行生产。在中国也是如此,特别是像汽车这样的大额商品,“日本制造”的舶来品远比“中国制造”的产品更受青睐。此外,如果一定要加大在中国当地的生产,那么,外资企业竞相进入中国以后,不远的将来有可能出现生产过剩,对这种风险必须有充分的心理准备。 阅读案例后,请回答下列问题: 试从国际市场环境角度分析日资汽车企业对华战略选择是否正确

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参考答案:

解析:不太妥当。 ①中国人对“日本制造”的有偏爱。 ②中国加入WTO后,关税大幅下降,本地生产在关税方面的优势大大降低。

完形填空
完形填空。
     Mr. smith taught eighth-grade science. On the first day of class, he gave us a(an)   1   about a creature
called the cattywampus, an animal that   2   during the Ice Age. He passed around a skull (头骨) as he talked.
We all took notes and   3   had a test. 
     When he returned my paper, I was   4  . There was a big red "×" through   5   of my answers. I had failed.
There   6   have been some mistake! I had written down what Mr. Smith said. Then I   7   that everyone in the
class had failed. What had happened?
     "Very simple." Mr. Smith said. He had   8   all those things about cattywampus. There had   9   been any
such animal. The information in our  10  was wrong. Did we expect praise for a wrong answer?
     We were very  11 . What kind of test was that? And what kind of teacher?
     "You should have figured it out", Mr. Smith said. At the very moment he was passing around that
cattywampus skull, hadn't he been telling us that no trace of the animal  12 ? He had described its color and
other facts he couldn't have known. He had given the animal a strange name, and we still hadn't  13 . He said
that the  14  on our papers would be recorded in the grade book. And they were.
     Mr. Smith said he hoped we would learn something from this  15 . Teachers and notebooks are not very 
 16 . In fact, no one is. He told us not to let our minds go to sleep and to  17  up if we ever thought he or the
textbook was wrong.
     I haven't made any great scientific discoveries,  18  Mr. Smith's class gave me and my classmates something
just as important: the  19  to look people in the eye and tell them  20  wrong.
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( )13.A. believed   
( )14.A. crosses   
( )15.A. information
( )16.A. right    
( )17.A. speak    
( )18.A. however   
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( )20.A. it’s    
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B. never    
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B. wondered   
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C. each       
C. would      
C. realized    
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C. ever       
C. minds      
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C. suspected   
C. marks      
C. experience   
C. certain    
C. shout      
C. therefore   
C. expression     
C. he's    
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D. sooner         
D. sad             
D. every          
D. must           
D. thought        
D. made up        
D. once           
D. discoveries    
D. angry          
D. existed        
D. ensured        
D. mistakes       
D. class          
D. correct        
D. wake           
D. but            
D. courage            
D. we're     
单项选择题