问题 单项选择题

古树年轮的研究,对近年开展的古气候讨论以及空气污染情况的研究大有助益。首先树木的生长与气象的关系最为密切,从年轮宽,生长量大,推出那一时期风调雨顺,气温适宜;反之,年轮窄,则雨水稀少或干旱无雨,或气温过高或过低。美国科学工作者通过研究450株“世界爷”的年轮,发现它所记录的近百年气候变化,竟与现有文字记录相吻合;我国兰州大学在祁连山区采集900岁以上的圆柏树,发现其年轮宽窄变化与我国近1000年的气候变化相一致。此外,采用科学手段,可以从年轮里观察出空气污染的程度。美国人对二氧化碳及氧化物散落较多的军工厂附近的43株美国五针松及50棵鹅掌楸进行年轮分析,发现这些树木的历年生长量与该厂排放的污染物质的多少有密切关系,污染物多,树木生长量就少。
下列说法与原文相符的是( )。

A.若古树的年轮宽,则说明这一时期风调雨顺,适宜人类生存

B.气温过高或过低,雨水过多或过少都会使树木的年轮生长量变小

C.通过检测化工厂旁边的树木的年轮的宽窄,可以判断该化工厂污染物排放是否超标

D.研究古树年轮可以帮助今人印证对过去气候变化的记录

答案

参考答案:D

解析: A项,文段只是说年轮宽可以推出那一时期气温适宜,但并未说适宜人类生存,A项说法错误。B项,文段并未提到雨水过多会导致年轮变窄,说法错误。C项,年轮窄并不一定是污染物排放多造成的,也可能是其他原因,如气候干旱等;且年轮的宽窄仅适用于测查空气污染物的排放情况,C项将其偷换为所有污染物,扩大了范围。D项说法正确,本题正确答案为D。

判断题
单项选择题

Scientists around the world are racing to learn how to rapidly diagnose, treat and stop the spread of a new, deadly disease. SARS — Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome — was (1) for the first time in February 2003 in Hanoi, (2) since then has infected more than 1,600 people in 15 countries, killing 63. At this (3) , there are more questions than answers surrounding the disease.

Symptoms start (4) a fever over 100.4 degrees F, chills, headache or body (5) . Within a week, the patient has a dry cough, which might (6) to shortness of breath. In 10% to 200% of cases, patients require (7) ventilation to breathe. About 3.5% die from the disease. Symptoms (8) begin in two to seven days, but some reports suggest it (9) take as long as 10 days. Scientists are close to (10) a lab test to diagnose SARS. In the meantime, it is diagnosed by its symptoms. There is no evidence (11) antibiotics or anti-viral medicines help, (12) doctors can offer only supportive care. Patients with SARS are kept in isolation to reduce the risk of (13) . Scientists aren’t sure yet, but some researchers think it’s a (14) discovered coronavirus, the family of viruses that cause some common colds.

Most cases appear to have been passed (15) droplets expelled when infected patients cough or sneeze. Family members of infected people and medical workers who care for them have been most likely to (16) the illness. But recent developments in Hong Kong suggest that the (17) might spread through air, or that the virus might (18) for two to three hours on doorknobs or other (19) Health experts say it is (20) , though, that sharing an elevator briefly with an infected person would be enough to pass the virus.

19()

A.exteriors

B.outside

C.surfaces

D.coverings