问题 单项选择题 A1型题

前瞻性队列研究与回顾性队列研究的区别在于()。

A.研究观察的方向

B.作为观察终点的事件在研究开始时是否已发生

C.确定暴露因素的时间

D.是否设立对照组

E.是否随机选择研究对象

答案

参考答案:B

解析:

前瞻性队列研究中研究对象的分组是根据研究开始时(现时)研究对象的暴露状况而定的。此时,研究的结局还没有出现,还需要前瞻观察一段时间才能得到。而历史性队列研究中研究对象的分组是根据研究开始时研究者已掌握的有关研究对象在过去某个时点的暴露状况的历史材料作出的;研究开始时研究的结局已经出现,其资料可从历史资料中获得,不需要前瞻性观察。

单项选择题

With the spread of inter-active electronic media a man alone in his own home will never have been so well placed to fill the inexplicable mental space between cradle and crematorium. So I suspect that books will be pushed more and more into those moments of travel or difficult defecation (1) people still don’t quite know what to do with.

When people do read, I think they’ll want to feel they are reading literature, or (2) something serious. (3) you’re going to find fewer books presenting themselves as no-nonsense and (4) assuming literary pretensions and being packaged as works of art. We can expect an extraordinary variety of genre, but with an underlying (5) of sentiment and vision.

Translators can only (6) from this desire for the presumably sophisticated. We can look forward to lots of difficult names and fantastic stories of foreign parts enthusiastically (7) by the overall worship of the "global village’. Much of this will be awful and some wonderful, (8) don’t expect the press or the organizers of prizes to offer you much help in making the appropriate distinctions. They will be chiefly (9) in creating celebrity, the greatest enemy of discrimination, but a good prop for the (10) consumer.

Every ethnic grouping over the world will have to be seen to have a great writer—a phenomenon that will (11) a new kind of provincialism, more chronological than geographic, (12) only the strictly contemporary is talked about and (13) Universities, including Cambridge, will include (14) their literature syllabus novels, written only last year. (15) occasional exhumation for the Nobel, the achievements of ten or only five years ago will be largely forgotten.

In short, you can’t go too far wrong when predicting more of the same. But there is a (16) side to this—the inevitable reaction against it. The practical things I would like to see happen--publishers seeking less to (17) celebrity through extravagant advertising, (18) and magazines (19) space to reflective pieces—are rather more improbable than the Second Coming(耶稣复临). But dullness never quite darkens the whole planet. In their own idiosyncratic fashion a few writers will (20) be looking for new departures.

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.12()

A.which

B.where

C.when

D.what

单项选择题 A1/A2型题