问题 实验题

(9分)某个森林生态系统中的食物网如下图,请据图回答:

(1)生产者是____________,消费者是___________________,生产者和消费者之间是____________的关系。

(2)此图中共有_____条食物链,最长的一条是________________________

(3)此生态系统中,数量最多的是_______,它通过___________获得生物所需的有机物和能量。

(4)如果老鹰、蛇、狐狸受到保护,数量增加,则该生态系统中的________的数量会增加,而____________的数量会减少。

答案

(1)草、兔子、老鼠、狐狸、蛇、老鹰 吃与被吃

(2)5  草老鼠蛇老鹰

(3)草光合作用(4)草兔子和老鼠

题目分析:(1)在一定的地域内生物与环境所形成的统一整体叫生态系统,生态系统的组成包括生物部分和非生物部分,非生物部分包括阳光、空气、温度、水分、土壤等,生物包括生产者(绿色植物)、消费者(所有动物)和消费者(腐生细菌和真菌)两者缺一不可,生产者和消费者之间主要是吃与被吃的关系,属于捕食关系;

(2)在该生态系统中,含有4条食物链,分别是草→老鼠→蛇→老鹰,草→老鼠→老鹰,草→老鼠→狐狸→老鹰,草→兔子→狐狸→老鹰,其中最长的一条是草→老鼠→蛇→老鹰或草→老鼠→狐狸→老鹰或草→兔子→狐狸→老鹰;

(3)在该生态系统中,数量最多的是草,绿色植物通过叶绿体利用光能把二氧化碳和水转变成储存能量的有机物并释放出氧气的过程,叫光合作用,为自身和生物圈中的其它生物提供物质和能量; 

(4)生态系统中各种生物之间有着直接或间接的关系,如果老鹰、蛇、狐狸未受到保护,数量减少,则该生态系统中的兔老鼠由于失去天敌而数量会增加,而草的数量会减少。

单项选择题

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

C

I am peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since  March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞)in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time.

I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said:”Well, I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.”So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said:”In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small  plance to be held for me.re-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.

For this courier job, you’re consciously aware than that box you’re got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.

Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?()

A. To London

B. To  Newark

C. To Providence

D. To Washington

单项选择题