问题 问答题

1987年9月16日17时20分,浙江省宁波市北仑区上梅渡运站原镇海渡3号船,由上阳码头装载手扶拖拉机1辆、摩托车2辆、白行车2辆、乘客60人、船员3人,开往对岸梅山岛码头,在离上阳码头右侧约20米,因船舶尾尖舱大量进水沉没,船上人员全部落水。经附近甬机210船的小舢板和两条小涨网船抢救和落水者自救,脱险乘客49人、船员3人,遇难者11人。
经调查,渡轮在离码头前,机手林某在机舱修理冷泵,机舱因电瓶刚拆上岸,照明很暗,用手电筒代替照明,发现飞轮甩水溅湿背部,即开启引水阀门,并同时开启舱底污水泵抽水,此时,机舱离合器与尾轴铜套之间已出现大量涌水,林某迅速通过甲板下通道,报告当班驾驶朱某,“船勿对,漏水了,快去冲泥涂(抢滩的意思)。”朱某即采取右满舵和加大油门措施,在加大油门时,机器即熄火,渡轮已同时出现严重往右尾倾,朱某向附近小涨网船呼救,约有30名旅客爬到渡轮前左舷跳水,渡轮随之沉没,从机手报告大量进水到沉没约2分钟时间。
[事故原因分析]
(1)该渡轮约建造于20世纪40年代,系美军木质扫雷艇,1958年在上海周家渡造船厂改建为客渡船,1974年由镇海渡运站向上梅渡运公司借用,1976年购买,无任何图纸资料,1986年6月转让给北仑上梅渡运站。1985年7月27日由原镇海县航管站检验,船舶有效航行期到1986年7月26日止,查阅有关船舶登记资料,该渡轮均未登记注册,属无证违章航行船舶。自1986年6月份由镇海区渡运站转到上梅渡运站后,未作修理,擅自增加压载,没有定期维修保养,造成尾部、底部多处渗水,右舷尤为严重,船舶在机舱有相当积水的情况下,加上重达2吨的拖拉机及货物装载不当,致使在尾部右舷水线上5厘米处(尾尖舱)有一长217厘米,宽16厘米的破口大量进水沉没,这是造成这次重大事故的直接原因。
(2)渡运站领导法制观念淡薄,忽视安全,缺乏必要的安全制度,纪律松弛,站长带头违章航行,怂恿违章。1987年7月13日,由站长周某驾驶该无证船舶装载番茄去奉化湖头渡,因不熟悉航道和船形,在离码头约40米处,船舶搁浅倾翻,7万多斤番茄翻入大海。1987年8月该站轮机手阮某与驾驶员汪某合买一条运输船,经乡工办个别领导同意,擅自离站,使该站七名有证人员少了两名,在这种情况下,又安排1号、2号渡轮进坞修理,造成无证船舶代班,无证船员当班。渡轮沉船时无任何救生设备。
(3)该船当班驾驶员朱某、轮机员林某均属无证操作,水手诸某系临时雇用人员。由于无证操作,违章航行,机手林某没有及早发现机舱漏水以及船舶发生严重倾斜进水,三名船员集中在驾驶室,没有及时组织抢救,指挥旅客脱险。
(4)渡运站的主管单位梅山乡政府,对渡口安全管理不力,督促不够,对渡口存在的问题没有及时落实整改措施。1. 1.提出对事故责任人的处理意见。
2.提出整改措施。

答案

参考答案:1.对事故责任人的处理如下:
上梅渡运站站长周某,无视交通法规,动用不适航的船舶,冒险渡客,并指派无证船员操作,对这次沉船死人的重大事故应负主要责任,追究刑事责任。
船员朱某、林某,未能抵制领导的错误指挥,无证驾驶和操作,违章航行,是事故的直接肇事者,负有一定责任。朱某由公安机关进行行政处理,林某追究刑事责任。
滨海区航管所作为上梅渡运站的主管部门,安全管理不力,督促检查不够,对企业的严重违章行为没有阻止,措施不力,负有领导责任。滨海区航管所航监负责人因监督不力,应给予行政警告处分。
2.事故整改措施:
为防止类似事故的再次发生,各级主管部门、港航监督部门要加强对企业、船员的安全宣传教育,督促企业建立健全安全规章制度;对重点渡口要经常开展安全检查,发现问题要采取措施,尤其是节假日,要组织人员维护渡口秩序,严禁超载、冒险航行,以保证安全。
凡领导怂恿、违章指挥、操作的,要从严处理,对造成严重后果的,要依法追究其刑事责任。

单项选择题

I was a single parent of four small children, working at a low paid job. Money was always tight, but we had a (1) over our heads, food on the table, clothes on our backs, and if not a lot, always (2) . Not knowing we were poor, my kids just thought I was (3) . I’ve always been glad about that.

It was Christmas time, and although there wasn’t (4) for a lot of gifts, we planned to celebrate with a family party. But the big (5) for the kids was the fun of Christmas (6) .

They planned weeks ahead of time, asking (7) what they wanted for Christmas. Fortunately, I had saved MYM120 for (8) to share by all five of us.

The big (9) arrived. I gave each kid a twenty-dollar bill and (10) them to look for gifts of about four dollars each. Then everyone scattered. We had two hours to shop; then we would (11) back at the "Santa’s Workshop".

Driving home, everyone was in high Christmas spirits, (12) my younger daughter, Ginger, who was unusually (13) . She had only one small, flat bag with a few candies—fiftycent candies! I was so angry, but I didn’t say anything (14) we got home. I called her into my bedroom and closed the door, (15) to be angry again. This is what she told me.

"I was looking (16) thinking of what to buy, and I (17) to read the little cards on the ’Giving Trees’. One was for a little girl, four years old, and all she (18) for Christmas was a doll. So I took the card off the tree and (19) the doll for her. We have so much and she doesn’t have anything. "

I never felt so (20) as I did that day.

8()

A.toys 

B.clothes 

C.presents 

D.bills

单项选择题