问题 问答题

(四)

某城市排水工程的管道顶进采用普通顶管法施工,在施工过程中的部分工作方法和施工工艺如下:
(1) 工作坑的支撑采用封闭式框架。
(2) 采用手掘式顶管时,将地下水位降至管底以下0.3m时开始顶管。
(3) 管顶以上超挖稳定土时不得在135°范围内。
(4) 排水管道交又时,排水圆管在上,铸铁管在下。
(5) 施工中发现管道一侧少挖土12mm,而另一侧多挖土12mm,采用木杠支撑法进行纠偏。
该城市排水工程的某混凝土构筑物施工完成后,进行满水试验,结果发现该混凝土构筑物存在裂缝,为了防止混凝土构筑物产生裂缝,对后期的施工提出控制措施。
问题

混凝土构筑物裂缝的防治措施有哪些

答案

参考答案:

解析:混凝土构筑物裂缝的防治措施 (1) 设计方面: 1) 合理设置伸缩缝。 2) 避免应力集中。 3) 合理增配构造钢筋提高抗裂性能。 (2) 施工方面: 1) 严格控制混凝土原材料质量。 2) 使混凝土配合比有利于减少和避免裂缝。 3) 合理设置后浇带。 4) 控制入模坍落度,做好浇筑振动工作。 5) 避免混凝土结构内外温差过大。 6) 对于地下工程,拆模后及时回填土控制早期、中期开裂。

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     These days everyone wants to "get rich" fast. We all __1__marrying someone from a wealthy family,  
making a lot of __2__or winning the lottery ( * * ). But do these things really make us happy? Many of
the richest celebrities(名人) happen to be some of the most __3__ people. They buy expensive houses
and clothes that they __4__ use. They may become __5__and even become addicted to __6__. They
have become so focused on money and material things that they forget about the people and activities
they __7__.
     Now,   more young people have the opportunity for a better education,   and better chances of
making a high __8__. These are great achievements,   __9__ will they make you happy? In the US many
young people believe that being rich and being happy are two   10   things. When attending university,  
they often choose to study subjects that they are   11   rather than subjects that will get them   12    jobs.
Instead of majoring in "business" or "management",   many American students today have majors like
"theater" or "modern dance". The    13   is that you making a lot of money doesn't mean that you will be
satisfied with your     14    . Nowadays,   young people are  15    careers that they love doing rather than
careers that pay well.
      I think that as being    16   becomes more possible,   we need to   17   what the term "fortune" really
means. Do we need to have money or material things to be fortunate? Or does    18    just mean having
what we need to be happy?  19   ,  what things make you happy? Be honest with yourself. It may take
   20   a rich spouse(配偶)or much money to make you happy.
( )1. A.think of    
( )2. A.changes      
( )3. A.unhappy      
( )4. A.always      
( )5. A.annoyed      
( )6. A.work        
( )7. A.love        
( )8. A.salary      
( )9. A.so          
( )10. A.difficult  
( )11. A.used to    
( )12. A.high?paying
( )13. A.point      
( )14. A.health      
( )15. A.creating    
( )16. A.independent
( )17. A.study      
( )18. A.fortune    
( )19. A.Even so    
( )20. A.kind of    
B. dream of      
B. friends      
B. happy        
B. really        
B. depressed    
B. games        
B. hate          
B. goal          
B. and          
B. different    
B. familiar with
B. prize?winning
B. purpose      
B. future        
B. avoiding      
B. wealthy      
B. understand    
B. career        
B. If so        
B. nothing but  
C. care about    
C. efforts        
C. lucky          
C. never          
C. satisfied      
C. adventures    
C. enjoy          
C. degree        
C. but            
C. pleasant      
C. related to    
C. trouble?saving
C. result        
C. life          
C. missing        
C. unselfish      
C. rethink        
C. success        
C. Instead        
C. as much as    
D. insist on          
D. money              
D. unlucky            
D. personally          
D. injured            
D. drugs              
D. know                
D. fame                
D. or                  
D. important          
D. interested in      
D. long?enjoying      
D. question            
D. major              
D. choosing            
D. famous              
D. recall              
D. peace              
D. To conclude        
D. more than          
名词解释