问题 单项选择题

不能说生活有条理就产生记忆,但是,可以大大提高记忆效果。譬如想记住某些数字、名称或一个故事,必须选择一定的顺序,然后始终按照顺序去记忆。在回忆时,仍然必须按照同样的顺序。如果每天养成把经常用的东西放在一个固定地方的习惯,能避免浪费时间!井井有条是我们在复杂的日常生活中最基本、最不可缺少的优点之一,人人都应该知道这一点。
然而,随着人变老,许多高龄人有严重的精神错乱趋向。这是因为,老年人和疲劳过度的人感知迟钝,脑子不好使;思维活动困难,很难集中注意力,思考能力及判断能力差。另外,他们还在时间和空间概念上出现局部定向障碍,表现冷漠或情感不一致,甚至大脑出现某种迟钝现象。由于上述情况,记忆力必然受到严重影响。
专家界有许多记忆能手。了解这些杰出的人物如何取得惊人的记忆效果非常有益。例如,伊诺迪是最著名的记忆专家之一,他研制出一张很大的方格数字表,把提的问题同方格中某一点联系起来,从而能够立即回答有关规则最难的问题。
亨利·埃曾在他的一本关于记忆的论著中讲到了这些记忆能手的一系列奇迹,其中出类拔萃的是吕克博士(C·E米勒的研究对象)。这位博士只听一遍,经过一百六十七秒钟的“沉思”,能重复出一串六十位的数字。他只思考一百三十七秒钟,就能倒背出一串五十二位数字。他本人解释记忆数字的诀窍,例如,回忆86219数字时,他立即想到219是73的三倍,而13的对数则是1.86。因此,这些记忆专家运用事先背得滚瓜烂熟的有条理的规则,怀着对这类活动的极大兴趣,并不断训练这种独特的高超技艺,从而取得了丰硕的成果。
应该指出,正如亨利·埃所说,这些记忆奇才在智力发育正常的人中间极为罕见,并使人目瞪口呆.而对智力发育迟缓的人来说则更是难以想象。亨利·埃在他的著作中列举了一系列的病例,有些人的智力程度低得吓人,以致被视为傻瓜和白痴。因此,人的记忆程度与智力之间不存在任何关系。但是,各种思维活动,龙其是记忆,绝对需要井井有条,要养成有条理的习惯,并且始终如一。能使用我们上面讲的记忆方法吗当然能。但要充分认识到,这仅仅是一种方法,无论怎样,这种训练方法对提高敏捷的思维能力绝对不会产生任何作用。

为什么说“井井有条”是人们的一大优点选出理解不当的一项( )。

A.生活中养成“井井有条”的习惯能节省时间

B.“井井有条”可以大大提高记忆的效率

C.“井井有条”便于回忆或记住某些该记的东西

D.生活有条理可以产生记忆力

答案

参考答案:D

解析: 由文章第一句“不能说生活有条理就产生记忆”可知D项表述错误,运用常识也可排除。

判断题
单项选择题

At the beginning of the twentieth century, North American society held, as an ideal, the Nuclear Family. This presumably perfect residential, social, and economic unit consisted of an adult male, an adult female and their minor children. This structure was thought to be stable and long lasting.
However, a few decades later, the structure of that ideal family was being altered radically even while it was being touted as the structure to be aimed for. Popular magazines bemoaned the loss of the Nuclear Family and its replacement with inferior forms.
There are a number of factors that are acting in concert to apply pressure on the Nuclear Family and generate a variety of new structures. Some of these are:
The definition of marriage has changed somewhat in that few people now consider it to last "until death do us part". The concept of monogamy (the marriage of one man and one woman) has been modified to a form now referred to as serial monogamy (the marriage of one man and one woman at a time). This reflects the increasing equality of women and men in terms of economic advantage and the recognition that many women no longer depend on men for their survival. Women are acquiring independence and have become empowered to make their own choices. With this independence, the need to form a relationship with a man becomes less important. This change embodies the concept that the marriage is temporary and can be terminated by either partner at any time. Associated with this, of course, is the relaxation of the divorce laws and the significant reduction of the shame that had one time been attached to divorce.
The economy of North America has resulted in a two-tier system of a few rich who control most of the resources and a large portion of the population who control almost none of the resources. Because of this, many couples are forced to have both partners with full-time jobs outside the home. There are unintended byproducts of the need for a double income. The most important of these is the replacement of a mother-oriented socialization of children to a "stranger-oriented" socialization system reflected in the growth of the childcare industry. Also, either partner is financially able to end the marriage without significant hardship.
The combination of these changes will in the coming decades have a profound effect on the structure of the family of North America. As a result, the family will be a fluid, constantly changing structure with variable household arrangements as the norm.

Many wives work outside their home because they ______.

A.want to be independent

B.don’t want to stay at home

C.don’t have to take care of their children

D.want to make money for their home