问题 问答题

某承包商D在某大学实验楼施工中,拟采用钢木组合模板体系或小钢模体系施工。经有关专家讨论,决定从模板总摊销费用(F1)、楼板浇筑质量(F2)、模板人工费(F3)、模板周转时间(F4)、模板装拆便利性(F5)五个技术经济指标对该两个方案进行评价,并采用0-1评分法对各技术经济指标的重要程度进行评分,其部分结果见附表15,两方案各技术经济指标的得分见附表16。

经造价工程师估算,钢木组合模板在该工程的总摊销费用为40万元,每平方米楼板的模板人工费为8.5元;小钢模在该工程的总摊销费用为50万元,每平方米楼板的模板人工费为6.8元。该住宅楼的楼板工程量为2.5万m2

附表15 指标重要程度评分表

问题

1.试确定各技术经济指标的权重(计算结果保留三位小数)。

2.若以楼板工程的单方模板费用作为成本比较对象,试用价值指数法选择较经济的模板体系(功能指数、成本指数、价值指数的计算结果均保留两位小数)。

3.若该承包商准备参加另一幢高层办公楼的投标,为提高竞争能力,公司决定模板总摊销费用仍按本住宅楼考虑,其他有关条件均不变。该办公楼的现浇楼板工程量至少要达到多少平方米才应采用小钢模体系(计算结果保留两位小数)

答案

参考答案:

1.根据0-1评分法的计分办法,两指标(或功能)相比较时,较重要的指标得1分,另一较不重要的指标得0分。例如,F1相对于F2较不重要,故得0分(已给出),而F2相对于F1较重要,故应得1分(未给出)。各技术经济指标得分和权重的计算结果见附表21。

附表21 指标权重计算表

2.(1)计算两方案的功能指数,结果见附表22。

附表22 功能指数计算表

(2)计算两方案的成本指数

钢木组合模板的单方模板费用:(40/2.5+8.5)元/m2=24.5元/m2

小钢模的单方模板费用:(50/2.5+6.8)元/m2=26.8元/m2

钢木组合模板的成本指数:24.5/(24.5+26.8)=0.48。

小钢模的成本指数:26.8/(24.5+26.8)=0.52。

(3)计算两方案的价值指数

钢木组合模板的价值指数:0.51/0.48=1.06。

小钢模的价值指数:0.49/0.52=0.94。

因为钢木组合模板的价值指数高于小钢模的价值指数,故应选用钢木组合模板体系。

3.单方模板费用函数:C=C1/Q+C2

式中,C为单方模板费用(元/m2);C1为模板总摊销费用(万元);C2为每平方米楼板的模板人工费(元/m2);Q为现浇楼板工程量(104m2)。

钢木组合模板的单方模板费用:Cz=40/Q+8.5。

小钢模的单方模板费用:Cx=50/Q+6.8。

令该两模板体系的单方模板费用之比(即成本指数之比)等于其功能指数之比,有

(40/Q+8.5)/(50/Q+6.8)=0.51/0.49

51(50+6.8Q)-49(40+8.5Q)=0

所以,Q=8.46×104m2

因此,该办公楼的现浇楼板工程量至少达到8.46×104m2。才应采用小钢模体系。

单项选择题


Congress makes the laws in the United States. It has two parts, which are more or less equal in power. They are known as the House of Representatives and the Senate. The House of Representatives is larger than the Senate whose 100 members (two from each state) serve for six years. The 435 members of the House are elected every two years, and the number from each state is determined by the population of the state. For example, California, which has a large population, has 43 representatives, while the State of Nevada has only one.
The House and Senate are divided into small groups which take care of special matters such as education or foreign affairs. The most important work of Congress is often done in these groups, which are called subcommittees.
According to the Constitution of the United States, a senator must be at least 30 years old and he must have been a citizen of the United States for nine years at the time of his election. To be elected to the House a person must be 25 years old and must have been a United States citizen for seven years. At the present time, members of Congress include businessmen, farmers, teachers, and especially lawyers. In general, senators are better known than representatives because they are fewer in number and serve for a longer time. Many American presidents served in Congress before they became president.

Which of the following is true

A.A representative serves for two years.

B.To become a senator is easier than to become a representative.

C.A senator performs his duties for a shorter time than a representative.

D.All presidents were representatives and then senators before becoming president of theUnited States.

问答题 简答题