问题 单项选择题

阅读下面短文,回答下面题。
欧洲人喜爱幽默。这种幽默有相当一部分源于民族的差异与不同文化的碰撞。《你听过这则笑话吗》的作者希尔说,一个民族的性格往往是十分复杂的,它的形成不仅仅与
历史有关,而且是地理、语言、风俗习惯、服装等多种因素的积淀。一则短短的笑话也许不能全面反映一个民族的特性,但一则好的笑话却可以一针见血地揭示出一个民族特性中的最特别之处。
希尔书中的第一个笑话就可说是这方面的经典之作。它讲的是天堂和地狱的“组成方式”:天堂里应该是英国人当警察,法国人做厨师,德国人当机械师,意大利人做情侣,瑞士人做总管;而地狱里呢是德国人做警察,英国人做大厨,法国人做机械师,意大利人做总管。希尔在评语中说,这则笑话多少已经有点“不合时宜”了,特别是对地狱的描述。如今德国的警察也很有礼貌,英国的大厨有时也相当不错,意大利人如果愿意的话,组织能力也不会比别人差。不过,希尔把这则笑话放在全书之首,显然是因为多年来,人们常用这个笑话来描述欧洲不同民族的性格差异。
为什么有些欧洲人至今谈起这些老笑话仍然津津乐道呢有个现象颇值得玩味。每当欧洲一体化遇到困难,就会有人借用这些经典笑话来说明一体化的难度。这当中有一种自我调侃的意味:既然体制的建立尚且如此艰难,要想让这样一群性格不同的欧洲人融合到一起,当然不是一件容易的事。
希尔在书中引用歌德的话说,人们在相互嘲笑时,才能最充分地显露出性格特点。欧洲国家小,民族多,宗教各异,历史上又纷争不断,欧式幽默的锋芒总是针对着邻国或其他民族。这本小册子也搜集了不少这方面的笑话。比如,法国人编笑话嘲笑比利时人是愚蠢的“土包子”。有一天,一个比利时人发现了一只猴子,问警察该如何处理。警察说:“你带它去动物园吧。”第二天,警察看到那人还带着猴子在街上溜达,便问他: “我记得告诉过你,让你带它去动物园。”“没错”,那个比利时人回答说, “我昨天带它去了动物园,今天要带它去看电影。”
在欧洲,荷兰人的节俭是出了名的,荷兰人因此常常被人取笑。有则笑话说,一位美国飞行员首飞欧洲,教官告诉他,你飞过大西洋后看到一大片绿色的土地,那就是欧洲;地面上如果有白色的飘带,那就是荷兰,当地人正在晾晒用过的卫生纸。
世界上没有任何一个地区的国.家像欧洲国家那样,如此紧密地相互依赖。在过去的 2000多年里,平均每5年就有1年欧洲有战乱发生。可战争并没能使欧洲人越走越远,反而有点儿越打越亲,这是因为欧洲人有着共同的价值观。英国著名的跨文化研究专家刘易斯说过,欧洲人组成了一个巨大的、有吸引力的、天才的和富于创意的大家族。不幸的是,像真正的家族一样,他们有挫折、有情绪变化、有争吵、有爱和恨。希尔编这本笑话集的目的就是为了促进欧洲人相互之间的了解,他认为这对正在走向一体化的欧洲来说,有着十分重要的意义。
(丁刚《从笑话看欧洲的文化差异》)

最贴近作者写书原意的一句是:

A.欧洲人有共同的价值观。

B.欧洲每5年就有1年发生战乱。

C.战争反而使欧洲人有点越打越亲。

D.为了促进欧洲人相互之间的了解。

答案

参考答案:D

论述题
填空题
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be
used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
         A. launched        B. unpleasant        C. applying        D. technically        E. impact     
         F. coating        G. fixed        H. miraculously        I. superior        J. advances
     How would you like to wear the same underwear (内衣裤) for weeks? Owing to the work that
has gone into developing intelligent materials, this may not be as 1_____ as it sounds. Self-cleaning
clothes have now been created, and these new materials provide 2_____ resistance to dirt as well
as water. As a result, they require much less cleaning than traditional materials.
     The creation of self-cleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop
better products. This self-cleaning nature is known as the "lotus effect". The name comes, of course,
from the lotus leaves, which are famous for growing in muddy lakes and rivers while remaining almost
3_____ clean. By observing nature, scientists are 4_____ the qualities of the lotus leaves to the materials
they have engineered. Because of this, some remarkable new products have been 5_____. Among them
are special windows that are resistant to dirt and water. A special 6_____ on these windows not only
prevents dirt from sticking to their surfaces, but also allows dust to be easily washed off by the rain. In
fact, these new windows have already been 7_____ to some cars. Even when traveling at high speed
through rain, these cars never have to use their windshield wipers (雨刮器).
     Although we have already seen some practical applications, even more dramatic 8_____ will be made
in the future, and they will, perhaps, change our world completely. Undoubtedly, technology is an important
development, and it will have an even bigger 9_____ on our lives.