问题 单项选择题

使用白盒测试方法时,确定测试数据应该根据 (22) 和指定的覆盖标准。一般来说与设计测试数据无关的文档是 (23) 。软件的集成测试工作最好由 (24) 承担,以提高集成测试的效果。

A.该软件的设计人员

B.该软件开发组的负责人

C.该软件的编成人员

D.不属于该软件开发组的软件设计人员

答案

参考答案:D

解析:软件测试的目的是希望以最少的人力和时间发现潜在的各种错误和缺陷。
软件测试大体上可分为两大类:基于“白盒”的路径测试技术和基于“黑盒”的事务处理流程测试技术(又称功能测试)。白盒测试依据的是程序的逻辑结构,而黑盒测试技术依据的是软件行为的描述。
由于软件错误的复杂性,在软件工程测试中应综合运用测试技术,并应实施合理的测试序列:单元测试、集成测试、有效性测试、系统测试。
· 单元测试(往往采用白盒测试技术):集中于每个独立的模块。该测试以详细设计文档为指导,测试模块内的重要控制路径。
· 集成测试:集中于模块的组装。其目标是发现与接口有关的错误,将经过单元测试的模块构成一个满足设计要求的软件结构。
· 有效性测试:目标是发现软件实现的功能与需求规格说明书不一致的错误。(通常采用黑盒测试技术)
· 系统测试:集中检验系统所有元素(包括硬件、软件)之间协作是否合适,整个系统的性能、功能是否达到。
单元测试在实现阶段进行,它所依据的模块功能描述和内部细节以及测试方案应在详细设计阶段完成,目的是发现编程错误。集成测试所依据的模块说明书和测试方案应在概要设计阶段完成,它能发现设计错误。有效性测试应在模拟的环境中进行强度测试的基础上,测试计划应在软件需求分析阶段完成。

问答题 简答题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Many people have heard stories of the California gold rush during the 19th century, when lots of

people went there in search for gold. Panning (淘洗) for gold has a rich and interesting history.

Nowadays some people continue to pan for gold in California. Although it cannot be regarded as a

method for earning income, taking on gold-panning as a hobby can give you a feeling of being in the old

west and get you out into nature.

    The only tool that is required to pan for gold is a gold pan. You can use a regular old flat pan, but

"officially" gold pans are quite cheap so you may as well buy one that is made for the task. Most sold

pans come in either plastic or medal.

     Once you have your pan you will want to start practicing your gold panning technique. Panning for

gold works because gold is much heavier than most rocks. To pan for gold you add rock and dirt form

the bottom of a stream to your pan and then gently let water flow through the pan. The lighter-weight

rocks are slowly swept away while any gold will be left behind in the pan.

     To start panning for gold, first you will need to find a good location. Try checking maps of your area

and old history books to find location where there were gold mines in the past. Even though most of the

gold have already been removed, there are likely to be small leftovers that you can find. Once you have

found an area thatlooks promising, look for any small stream or river where you can try out panning for

gold.

     Panning for gold requires patience and it may be a long time before you hit anything of value. However, it is an enjoyable hobby and provides a great opportunity to get outdoors, so don't give up too quickly.

1. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?

A. Where to pan for gold.

B. How gold-panning works.

C. What tools are needed.

D. A promising area for panning.

2. What is the author's attitude toward modern gold-planning?

A. Opposed.

B. Indifferent .

C. Positive.

D. Neutral .

3. In which part of a newspaper would you probably find this article?

A. Lifestyle.  

B. Health.  

C. Travel.

D. Sports.