阅读下列材料，结合所学知识回答问题

材料一

我们的传教士们告诉我们，那个幅员广漠的中华帝国的政体是可称赞的，它的政体原则是畏惧、荣誉和品德兼而有之。……但是我不晓得，一个国家只有使用棍棒才能让人民做些事情，还能有什么荣誉可说呢。……加之，我们的商人从没有告诉我们教士们所谈的这种品德；我们可以参考一下商人们所说的关于那里的官吏们的掠夺行为。……在那个地方的一切历史里，是连一段表现自由精神的记录都不可能找到的。那里，除了极端的奴役而外，我们将永远看不见任何其他东西。……因此，中国是一个专制的国家。它的原则是恐怖。

————孟德斯鸠《论法的精神》

材料二

旅行者们，尤其是传教士们，都认为到处看到的是专制制度。这些人从表面现象判断一切：看到一些人跪拜，便认为他们是奴隶，而接受跪拜的那个人必定是1、5亿人生命财产的绝对主宰，他一人的旨意便是法律。可实际情况并非如此……在帝国（指中国）最早时代，便允许人们在皇宫中一张长桌上写下他们认为朝政中应该受谴责之事，这个规定在公元前2世纪汉文帝时已经实行……这一重要事实推翻了《论法的精神》中对世界上这个最古老的国家提出的笼统含混的责难。……他（中国皇帝）可能是全国首屈一指的哲学家，最有权威的预言者；皇帝的御旨几乎从来都是关于道德的指示和圣训。……人类智慧不能想出比这个政治还要优良的政治组织。

————伏尔泰《风俗论》

材料三

伏尔泰和他的启蒙思想家视中国为开明君主制的榜样，因为中国皇帝运用儒家的理性价值观来治理国家。对一个被启蒙思想鼓舞过的理想的开明君主来说，与士绅阶层一起商议国事是一个本质特征。伏尔泰相信中国儒家士大夫的文化精神可以作为欧洲社会伦理和政治的榜样。……通过伏尔泰和其他启蒙思想家的努力，中国的道德和政治取代语言和历史，开始对欧洲社会产生重大影响。

————（美）孟德卫《1500—1800，中西方的伟大相遇》

材料四参考书目

根据以上材料，分别概括孟德斯鸠、伏尔泰对中国古代政治制度的认识。

"The impulse to excess among young Britons remains as powerful as ever, but the force that used to keep the impulse in check has all but disappeared," claimed a newspaper. Legislation that made it easier to get hold of a drink was "an Act for the increase of drunkenness and immorality", asserted a politician.

The first statement comes from 2005, the second from 1830. On both occasions, the object of scorn was a parliamentary bill that promised to sweep away " antiquated" licensing laws. As liberal regulations came into force this week, Britons on both sides of the debate unwittingly followed a 19th-century script.

Reformers then, as now, took a benign view of human nature. Make booze cheaper and more readily available, said the liberalisers, and drinkers would develop sensible, continental European-style ways. Nonsense, retorted the critics. Habits are hard to change; if Britons can drink easily, they will drink more.

Worryingly for modern advocates of liberalisation, earlier doomsayers turned out to be right. Between 1820 and 1840, consumption of malt (which is used to make beer) increased by more than 50%. Worse, Britons developed a keener taste for what Thomas Carlyle called "liquid madness"—gin and other spirits.

The backlash was fierce. Critics pointed to widespread debauchery in the more disreputable sections of the working class. They were particularly worried about the people who, in a later age, came to be known as "ladettes". An acute fear, says Virginia Berridge, who studies temperance at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, was that women would pass on their sinful ways to their children.

In the 19th century, temperance organisations set up their own newspapers to educate the public about the consequences of excess. That, at least, has changed: these days, the mainstream media rail against the demon drink all by themselves.

Which of the following could be the best title for the text（）

A. Old Wine, New Bottle

B. Mainstream Media, Nonsense

C. Doomsayers, Unwarranted Arguments

D. Fierce Backlash, Immorality