问题 问答题

某高速公路设计车速为130km/h,全长35km,路面面层为三层沥青混凝土结构,1~20km的地基土为湿陷性黄土,20~35km之间的地基土为膨胀土。在膨胀土路基施工过程中发现如下情况:
(1)用强膨胀土作为路填料;
(2)挖方地段当挖到距路床顶面以上20cm时,停止继续向下开挖,并挖好了临时排水沟;
(3)在路堤与路堑交界地段,采用了台阶方式搭接,其搭接长度为1.5m,并碾压密实;
(4)挖方边坡一次性挖到设计线,并立即做了浆砌护坡封闭。1. 1.湿陷性黄土地基常用的处理方法有哪几种
2.湿陷性黄土地区地基陷穴的处理方法有哪几种各自的适用范围如何
3.逐条判断施工单位在膨胀土路基施工过程中发生的情况是否妥当,并说明原因或改正不妥之处。

答案

参考答案:1.湿陷性黄土地基常用的处理方法有换填土法、强夯法、预浸法、挤密法和化学加固法。
2.湿陷性黄土地区地基陷穴的处理方法有灌砂法、灌浆法、开挖回填夯实法和导洞竖井法。
(1)灌砂法适用于小而直的陷穴,以干砂灌实整个洞穴;
(2)灌浆法适用于洞身不大,但洞壁起伏曲折较大,并离路基中线较远的小陷穴;
(3)开挖回填夯实法适用于各种形状的陷穴;
(4)导洞竖井法适用于较大、较深的洞穴。
3.第(1)不妥之处:用强膨胀土作为路填料。
理由:强膨胀土稳定性差,不应作为路填料。
第(2)不妥之处:挖方地段当挖到距路床顶面以上20cm时,停止继续向下开挖。
正确做法:挖方地段当挖到距路床顶面以上30cm时,应停止向下开挖,并挖好临时排水沟。
第(3)不妥之处:在路堤与路堑交界地段,应采用台阶方式搭接,其搭接长度为1.5m。
正确做法:其搭接长度不应小于2m。
第(4)不妥之处:挖方边坡一次性挖到设计线。
正确做法:挖方边坡应沿边坡预留30~50cm一层,待路挖完时,再削去边坡预留部分,并立即浆砌护坡封闭。

单项选择题 案例分析题

From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first 1 , they were like newborn children, unable to use this 2 tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kind’s future 3 and cultural growth increased.

Many linguists believe that evolution is 4 for our ability to produce and use language. They 5 that our highly evolved brain provides us 6 an innate language ability not found in lower 7 . Proponents of this innateness theory say that our 8 for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, 9 a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical 10 times for language development.

Current 11 of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 12 , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 13 grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being 14 to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 15 of their first language have become firmly fixed.

16 some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been 17 from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that 18 with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 19 than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. 20 , children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child's language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.

请在19处填上正确答案()

A.acquisition

B.appreciation

C.requirement

D.alternative

单项选择题