问题 问答题 简答题

供电工程要安全可靠地使用接零系统,在安装和使用时,技术员要向工人们讲解哪些注意事项?

答案

参考答案:

(1)保护接零只能用在中性能点直接接地系统中,否则当发生单相接地故障时,由于接地外壳与地接触不良,不能使保护装置动作,此时当人触及任一接零的设备外壳时,故障电流将通过人体和设备流回零线,危及人身的安全。

(2)在接零系统中不能一些设备接地,而另一些接地。这种情况属于在同一个供电系统中,TN方式和TT方式配合使用,如前所述,在TT系统方式下当接地设备发生单相碰壳时,线路的保护装置可能不会动作,使设备外壳带有110V危险的对地电压,此时零线上的对地电压也会升高到110V,这将使所有的接零设备的外壳全部带有110V的对地电压,这样人只有接触到系统中的任一设备都会有触电的危险。

(3)在保护接零系统中,电源中性点必须接地良好,其接地电阻不得超过4欧。

(4)为迅速切除线路故障,电网任何一点发生单相短路时,短路电流不小于其保护容体额定电流的4倍或不小于自动开关过电流保护装置动作电流的1.5倍。

(5)为了保证零线接地和有足够单相短路电流,要求零线材料应与相线相同,零线的截面高水应不小于10-3所列数值。

多项选择题 案例分析题
单项选择题

At the beginning of the twentieth century, North American society held, as an ideal, the Nuclear Family. This presumably perfect residential, social, and economic unit consisted of an adult male, an adult female and their minor children. This structure was thought to be stable and long lasting.
However, a few decades later, the structure of that ideal family was being altered radically even while it was being touted as the structure to be aimed for. Popular magazines bemoaned the loss of the Nuclear Family and its replacement with inferior forms.
There are a number of factors that are acting in concert to apply pressure on the Nuclear Family and generate a variety of new structures. Some of these are:
The definition of marriage has changed somewhat in that few people now consider it to last "until death do us part". The concept of monogamy (the marriage of one man and one woman) has been modified to a form now referred to as serial monogamy (the marriage of one man and one woman at a time). This reflects the increasing equality of women and men in terms of economic advantage and the recognition that many women no longer depend on men for their survival. Women are acquiring independence and have become empowered to make their own choices. With this independence, the need to form a relationship with a man becomes less important. This change embodies the concept that the marriage is temporary and can be terminated by either partner at any time. Associated with this, of course, is the relaxation of the divorce laws and the significant reduction of the shame that had one time been attached to divorce
The economy of North America has resulted in a two-tier system of a few rich who control most of the resources and a large portion of the population who control almost none of the resources. Because of this, many couples are forced to have both partners with full-time jobs outside the home. There are unintended byproducts of the need for a double income. The most important of these is the replacement of a mother-oriented socialization of children to a "stranger-oriented" socialization system reflected in the growth of the childcare industry. Also, either partner is financially able to end the marriage without significant hardship.
The combination of these changes will in the coming decades have a profound effect on the structure of the family of North America. As a result, the family will be a fluid, constantly changing structure with variable household arrangements as the norm.

The author’s purpose is to ______.

A.give the basic facts of marriage in North America

B.explain the reasons why the divorce rate is high in North America

C.introduce why both husband and wife have to work outside their home

D.give a picture of family structural change in North America