问题 问答题

(1)在做“探究小车速度随时间变化的规律”的实验中,使小车停在靠近打点计时器处,先______,再______,让小车在钩码牵引下运动.

(2)在实验得到纸带上确定七个计数点A、B、C、D、E、F、G,如图所示,每两个相邻的计数点之间的时间间隔为T=0.10s,测得CD间的距离为x3=5.20cm,DE间的距离为x4=5.99cm,FG间的距离为x6=7.62cm.

①根据x3和x4计算D点的瞬时速度vD=______m/s(计算结果保留三位有效数字).

②实验作出小车运动的速度图象是一条倾斜向上的图线,说明小车速度随时间在______地变化,小车加速度______,做______直线运动;

③对于匀变速直线运动的判别式△x=aT2可推广到不相邻的两段相等时间内的位移差:xn-xm=(n-m)aT2,(n,m表示不为0的自然数,如1,2,3…,n>m)试用此推广式,利用已知的x3和x6,粗略求小车的加速度a=______m/s2(计算结果保留三位有效数字).

④某同学用两种方法处理数据求小车加速度

方法A:运用△x=aT2,由 a1=

x2-x1
T2
a2=
x3-x2
T2
,…,a5=
x6-x5
T2
求平均值
.
a
=
a1+a2+…+a5
5

方法B:运用xn-xm=(n-m)aT2,由a1=

x4-x1
3T2
a2=
x5-x2
3T2
a3=
x6-x3
3T2
,求平均值
.
a
=
a1+a2+a3
3

方法A求得加速度的最终表达式为a=______;方法B求得加速度的最终表达式为a=______.为使每段位移都用到,减小偶然误差,选择______方法(填“A”或“B”)更合理.

答案

(1)若先释放纸带,在打点计时器工作之前,纸带上没有打点,有一段空白的纸带;

(2)①匀变速直线运动中,平均速度等于中间时刻的瞬时速度,故:

vD=

x3+x4
2T
=
0.0520+0.0599
2×0.1
=0.560m/s

②实验作出小车运动的速度图象是一条倾斜向上的图线,结合匀变速直线运动的速度时间关系公式v=v0+at可知,小车是匀加速直线运动,故加速度恒定,速度均匀增加;

③根据公式xn-xm=(n-m)aT2,有:

x6-x3=3aT2

解得:

a=

x6-x3
3T2
=
0.0762-0.0520
0.12
=0.807m/s2

④方法A:

运用△x=aT2,由 a1=

x2-x1
T2
a2=
x3-x2
T2
,…,a5=
x6-x5
T2
,得到:

.
a
=
a1+a2+…+a5
5
=
x6-x1
5T2

方法B:

运用xn-xm=(n-m)aT2,由a1=

x4-x1
3T2
a2=
x5-x2
3T2
a3=
x6-x3
3T2
,得到:

.
a
=
a1+a2+a3
3
=
(x4+x5+x6)-(x1+x2+x3)
(3T)2

为使每段位移都用到,减小偶然误差,选择B方法更加合理;

故答案为:

(1)开启电源(或接通打点计时器);释放小车;

(2)①0.560;

②均匀;不变;匀加速(匀变速);

③0.807;

x6-x1
5T2
(x4+x5+x6)-(x1+x2+x3)
(3T)2
,B.

阅读理解

阅读理解    

        These days computer games have become more and more popular in

many cities and towns. A lot of small shops along busy streets have changed

into computer game houses in order to get more money. These places are

always crowded with people.      

         In the computer game houses, people spend a lot of money matching

on the machines. It's hard for one to beat a computer,but one can get ahead

after trying again and again. People want to win when they play computer

games. The more they lose, the more they want to win, and at last they

even cannot live without it.   

        The result is that some people don't want to work and take days off.

They play in computer game houses for hours and hours. For school boys,

things are even worse. They have no mind for their lessons. When school

is over,they rush to the computer game houses near their schools. Some

of them can get enough money from their parents. Some of them are not

lucky enough to get money. They begin to steal others' money and become

 bad.    

        Computer games addiction is a serious problem in our life.

Something has to be done to stop it.

1.Today there are many _______ instead of small shops along the streets.    

A. big supermarket   

B. computer game houses   

C. popular theaters     

D. modern buildings

2.People spend much money matching on the computers because               .    

A. it is not easy for people to beat the computers   

B. they haven't got anything else to do every day   

C. the computer game houses are always crowded with people  

 D. they want to get money from matching on the machines

3.Some people don't want to work because                  .  

A. they cannot get money from it     

B. playing computer games is better than working   

C.They have been in the habit of playing computer games   

D. playing computer games is more popular

4.As a student, playing computer games                   

A. will make him become bad    

B. can make him clever     

C. will have no mind for his lessons    

D. both A and C

5.Which of the following is NOT false?    

A. All the students can get more money from their parents if they play computer games.  

B. People will have good jobs if they are good at playing computer games.    

C. It is important to do something to stop people from playing computer games. 

D. Many people, old and young, can make money from playing computer games.

单项选择题