问题 问答题 简答题

中央银行在金融以及宏观经济中的作用如何?

答案

参考答案:

中央银行是一国最高金融当局,它统筹管理全国金融活动,实现货币政策以影响经济。当今世界除了少数国家和地区,几乎所有已独立的国家和地区都设立了中央银行。它在美国是联邦储备局,在英国是英格兰银行,在法国是法兰西银行,在德国是联邦银行,在日本是日本银行。一般认为,中央银行具有三个职能:

(1)作为发行的银行,发行国家的货币,并根据市场需求调节货币供应量。

(2)作为银行的银行,既为商业银行提供贷款,(用票据再贴现、抵押贷款等办法),又为商业银行集中保管存款准备金,还为商业银行集中办理全国的结算业务。

(3)作为国家的银行,第一,它代理国库,一方面根据国库委托代收各种税款和公债价款等收入作为国库的活期存款,另一方面代理国库拨付各项经费,代办各种付款与转账;第二,提供政府所需资金,既用贴现短期国库券等形式为政府提供短期资金,也用帮助政府发行公债或直接购买公债的方式为政府提供长期资金;第三,代表政府与外国发生金融关系;第四,执行货币政策;第五,监督管理全国金融市场活动。

完形填空
完形填空。
      Mr Newton was a famous scientist. He liked thinking of some   1   and for it he was often
absent-minded (心不在焉的).One evening, when he    2   home at eight o'clock, his family were out.
He waited for a long time, but none   3  .He became so worried about them that he couldn't eat. He
wanted to eat nothing at all. Then he 4 his wife always took the children to the park on Wednesday
and after that she would take them to the   5  .And it was  Wednesday that day.
      Mr Newton was no longer worried. He began to feel   6  . He ate some bread, meat and tomatoes.
After supper he fell    7   in the chair. Later on a little noise woke him up. He   8 that someone had
entered the house. They slipped into(潜入)the sitting room,   9   turning on the lights.
     Jumping off the chair, he thought,"  10  "
     Then he heard, "What are you doing here, Daddy?" Now he understood: they were his children.
( )1. A. games      
( )2. A. left        
( )3. A. disappeared
( )4. A. remembered  
( )5. A. hotel      
( )6. A. full        
( )7. A. asleep      
( )8. A. felt        
( )9. A. with        
( )10. A. Policemen  
B. papers  
B. arrived
B. served  
B. learned
B. cinema  
B. weak    
B. awake  
B. thought
B. without
B. Singers
C. problems  
C. watched    
C. called    
C. guessed    
C. post office
C. clean      
C. lonely    
C. heard      
C. for        
C. Thieves    
D. tickets  
D. came out  
D. appeared  
D. expected  
D. hospital                        
D. hungry    
D. nervous  
D. described
D. of        
D. Doctors  
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