问题 问答题 简答题

简述国债的功能。

答案

参考答案:

(1)国债是国家筹集财政资金的重要手段。发行国债就是缓解财政资金供求矛盾的有效办法。政府利用国家良好的信誉发行国债,在不改变资金所有权、保障社会公众利益的前提下,将分散的资金集中起来,既不会加重人民的负担,又能弥补预算资金的不足。

(2)国债是政府调节经济的重要杠杆。政府通过国债的发行与流通,国债资金的使用与归还,既可以调节市场货币流通量,又可以调节积累与消费的比例,还可以调节投资结构,优化产业结构。中央银行通过公开市场上国债的吞吐来达到调节基础货币,进而影响货币供应量的目的。

(3)国债是金融市场中的重要工具。健全的金融体系离不开完善的金融市场,而完善的金融市场离不开有效的金融工具。国债的风险低,流动性强,成为投资者寻求稳定收益,规范金融风险的良好工具。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     It was a cold grey day in late November. The weather had changed overnight, when a backing wind

brought a pale sky and a muzzling rain with it, and although it was now only a little after two o'clock in

the afternoon the gray of a winter evening seemed to have closed upon the hills, surrounding them in mist.

It would be dark by four. The air was cold, and for all the tightly closed windows it influenced the inside

of the coach. The leather seats felt damp to the hands, and there must have been a small crack in the roof,

because now and again little drips of rain fell softly through, polluting the leather and leaving a dark-blue

stain like a spot of ink. The wind came in, at times shaking the coach as it traveled round the bend of the

road, and in the exposed places on the high ground it blew with such force that the whole body of the

coach trembled and swayed, rocking between the high wheels like a drunken man.

     The driver, muffled (裹住) in a great coat to his ears, bent almost double in his seat in a faint endeavor

to gain shelter from his own shoulders. The few passengers pressed together for warmth, exclaiming all

together when the coach sank into a heavier rut (车辙) than usual, and one old fellow, who had kept up

a constant complaint ever since he had joined the coach at Truro, rose from his seat in anger; and, feeling

with the window-frame, let the window down with a crash, bringing a shower of rain upon himself and

his fellow-passengers. He thrust his head out and shouted up to the driver, scolding him in a angry voice

for a rogue and a murderer; that they would all be dead before they reached Bodmin if he persisted in

driving at dangerous speed; they had no breath left in their bodies as it was, and he would never travel by

coach again.

1. What is the main image the author gives in this description?[ ]

A. In terrible weather, a coach was running fast in mud with complaining passengers on it.

B. On a cold and rainy day the coach broke and the driver was repairing it on the road.

C. On a cold night the driver and the passengers felt very cold and struggled in the rain.

D. The bad condition of the road resulted in the bad mood of the passengers.

2. Which of the following is correct according to the text? [ ]

A. The windows were tightly closed, so the cold air was kept outside the coach.

B. The spot of ink stained leather, so the seats felt damp to the hands.

C. Most probably the roof of the coach was broken.

D. There was a drunken man swaying constantly on the coach.

3. The expression "muffled in a great coat to... his own shoulders" implies _____. [ ]

A. the driver felt very cold and tried to change his seat

B. the driver felt comfortable by doing in that way

C. The driver felt very cold and tried to gain warmth

D. The driver tried to protect his ears and shoulders

4. We can learn from the text that _____. [ ]

A. the coach was running slowly due to the bad weather

B. an old passenger who got on the coach at Truro was angry about the windows

C. one of the passengers on the coach was a murderer

D. the few passengers let out exclamations as the coach moved violently

单项选择题